Ch. 5 lect Flashcards
(28 cards)
sensorimotor stage
Piaget’s 1st stage of development, in which infants use information from their senses and motor actions to learn about the world
primay circular reactions
Piagets phase to describe a baby’s simple repetitive actions in substage 2 of the sensorimotor stage, organized around baby’s own body
secondary circular reactons
repetitive actons in substage 3 of the sensorimotor period, oriented around external objects
means-end behavior
purposeful behavior carried in our pursuit of specific goal
tertiary circular reactions
deliberate experimentation with various actions that occurs in substage 5 of the sensorimotor period
object permanence
understanding that objects continue to exist when they can’t be seen
A-no-B error
substage 4 infants’ tendency to look for an object in the place where it was last seen (position A) rather than in the place where they have seen the researcher move it (position B)
deferred imitation
imitation that occurs in the absence of the model who first demonstrated it
object concept
infant’s understanding of the nature of objects and how they behave
violation-of-expectations method
research strategy in which researchers move an object in one way after having taught an infant to expect it to move another
schematic learning
organization of experiences into expectations called schemas, which enable infants to distinguish b/t familiar and unfamiliar stimuli
language acquisition device (LAD)
innate language processor, theorized by Chomsky, that contains the basic grammatical structure of the human language
interactionalists
theorists who argue that language development is a subprocess of general cognitive development and is influenced by both internal and external factors
infant-directed speech
the simplified, higher-pitched speech that adults use with infants and young children
cooing
making repetitive vowel sounds particularly the uuu sound
babbling
the repetitive vocalizing of consonant-vowel combinations by the infant
receptive language
comprehension of the spoken language
expressive language
ability to use sounds, signs or symbols to communicate meaning
holophases
combinations of gestures and single words that convey more meaning than just the word alone
naming explosion
period when toddler experiences rapid vocabulary growth, typically beginning b/t 16 and 24 months
telegraphic speech
simple 2-worded sentences that usually include a noun and a verb
inflections
additions to words that change their meaning (e.g. the “s” in toys, the “ed” in waited)
means of length utterance (MLU)
the average number of meaningful units in a sentence
language development milestones
12 months- expressive language emerges; says single wrods.
18-20 uses two-word sentences (telegraphic speech); expressive vocab of 100-200 words
