Ch. 6 Vocab Flashcards
(17 cards)
attachment theory
the view that infants are biologically predisposed to form emotional bonds with caregivers and that the characteristics of those bonds shape later social and personality development
attachment
the emotional tie to a parent experienced by an infant, from which the child derives security
synchrony
a mutual, interlocking pattern of attachment behaviors shared by a parent and child
stranger anxiety
expression of discomfort, such as clinging to the mother ,in the presence of strangers
separation anxiety
expressions of discomfort, such as crying, when separated from an attachment figure
social referencing
an infant’s use of others’ facial expressions as guide to his or her own emotions
secure attachment
a pattern of attachment in which the infant readily separates from the parent, seeks proximity when stressed, and uses the parent as a safe base for exploration
insecure/avoidant attachment
a pattern of attachment in which an infant avoids contact with the parent and shows no preference for the parent over other people
insecure/ambivalent attachment
a pattern of attachment in which the infant shows little exploratory behavior, is greatly upset when separated from the mother, and is not reassured by her return or efforts to comfort him
insecure/disorganized attachment
a patter of attachment in which infant seems confused or apprehensive and shows contradictory behavior, such as moving toward the mother while looking away from her
autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
a group of disorder that impair an individual’s ability to understand and engage in the give-and-take of social relationships
personality
a patter of responding to people and objects in the environment
temperament
inborn predispositions, such as activity level, that form the foundations of personalty
niche picking
the process of selecting experiences on the basis of temperament
goodness-of-fit
the degree to which an infant’s temperament is adaptable to his or her environment and vice versa
subjective self
an infant’s awareness the she or he is a separate person who endures though time and space and can act on the environment
objective (categorical) self
a toddler’s understanding that she or he is defined by various categories such as gender or qualities such as shyness
