Chapter 13

Question 1

Social thinking

Answer 1

how we explain and analyze other’s behavior

Question 2

Attribution

Answer 2

How we decide the cause of a person’s behavior

Question 3

Fundamental error of attribution

Answer 3

Attribute our behavior to the situation and others’ behavior to their personalities

Question 4

Foot-in-the-door

Answer 4

agreeing to something small makes you more willing to comply with larger requests

Question 5

Role-playing

Answer 5

When you are put in a role, your behavior changes your beliefs

Question 6

Cognitive dissonance

Answer 6

Mental tension created when we believe one way but act another way

Question 7

Social Influence

Answer 7

How others affect individual behavior

Question 8

Conformity (Asch)

Answer 8

Conform to what others do

Question 9

Conditions that increase conformity

Answer 9

made to feel incompetent
group of 3+
unanimous group
Attractive/ good group status
no prior commitment
others observe the behavior
culture encourages respect for social standards

Question 10

Obedience (Milgram)

Answer 10

Study seeing how far people would go to obey

Question 11

How many shocked the learner to the maximum?

Answer 11

2/3

Question 12

What lowered obedience?

Answer 12

Experimenter was further from the teacher
Experimenter seems legit
Others disobey
Victim is closer

Question 13

Social facilitation

Answer 13

presence of others can sometimes improve performance on certain tasks

Question 14

Social Loafing

Answer 14

Individuals put in less effort for a team task

Question 15

De-individualization

Answer 15

No longer ID as an individual, just part of the crowd

Question 16

Group polarization

Answer 16

If everyone thinks the same way, discussion will strengthen that opinion

Question 17

Group think

Answer 17

Better for a group to make a decision than an individual (harmonious but stupid decisions)

Question 18

Minority influence

Answer 18

The minority can influence the majority as long as it does not compromise on its original position

Question 19

Prejudice

Answer 19

Unjustifiable, typically negative attitude towards a group and its members

Question 20

Social inequalities

Answer 20

One group has something another does not, they try to justify it

Question 21

Ingroup bias

Answer 21

Favoring one’s own group

Question 22

Scapegoating

Answer 22

When things go wrong, people look for others to blame

Question 23

Categorization

Answer 23

Schemas of people

Question 24

Vivid cases

Answer 24

Remember vivid examples better and they can influence attitudes about the group

Question 25

Just world phenomenon

Answer 25

People get what they deserve

Question 26

Aggression

Answer 26

Physical/verbal behavior aimed to hurt/destroy

Question 27

Frustration-aggression principle

Answer 27

When we are frustrated, we are more likely to aggress

Question 28

Learning aggression

Answer 28

Learn that aggression can get us what we want

Question 29

Media and violence

Answer 29

Children engage in violence 7x more after violent programming

Question 30

Altruism

Answer 30

Unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Question 31

Process of deciding to help others

Answer 31

Noticing Interpreting as an emergency Assuming responsibility

Question 32

Bystander effect

Answer 32

When others are present, feelings of responsibility are diminished and no one takes responsibility

Question 33

Attraction

Answer 33

likelihood of developing a relationship

Question 34

Proximity

Answer 34

More exposure

Question 35

Familiarity breeds

Answer 35

fondness

Question 36

Physical attractiveness

Answer 36

Valued in friends, coworkers, significant others, etc... assume inside matches outside