Chapter 15

Question 1

Psychiatrists

Answer 1

Medical degrees, prescribe meds

Question 2

Social workers

Answer 2

Counseling with personal and family problems, trained within the system

Question 3

Counselors

Answer 3

Masters/PhD in counseling, personal and family problems, deal with normal people

Question 4

Clinical psychologists

Answer 4

PhDs in clinical psych, severe mental disorders, long term care

Question 5

Psychotherapists

Answer 5

Not a real professional, no government requirements, freaky stuff

Question 6

Psychological therapies

Answer 6

Talk therapies

Question 7

Psychoanalysis

Answer 7

Insight therapy, underlying motivations, therapist must interpret

Question 8

Free association

Answer 8

Patient verbalizes about whatever comes to mind

Question 9

Resistance

Answer 9

Unconsciously try to keep secrets

Question 10

Transference

Answer 10

Patient’s feelings toward someone are transferred to the therapist and they deal with the emotion through therapy

Question 11

Criticisms to psychoanalysis

Answer 11

Slow and expensive

Question 12

Humanistic therapy

Answer 12

Insight therapy, focusses on person and self esteem

Question 13

Person-centered therapy

Answer 13

Low self esteem means no growth as a person, so must help people lead fulfilling lives

Question 14

Active listening

Answer 14

Echo patient, shows them you’re listening

Question 15

Unconditional positive regard

Answer 15

Completely non-judgemental to client

Question 16

Criticisms to humanistic therapy

Answer 16

Not good for severe disorders of personality disorders

Question 17

Group therapies

Answer 17

Same concept as humanistic therapy; AA, support groups, etc

Question 18

Behavior therapies

Answer 18

Solve current problems and change behaviors

Question 19

Classical conditioning (Counter)

Answer 19

Unlearn associations

Question 20

Exposure therapies

Answer 20

Expose to what they’d like to avoid

Question 21

Systematic desensitization

Answer 21

Taught to relax, start with exposures, replace anxiety with relaxation

Question 22

Virtual reality

Answer 22

Systematic desensitization for fears like flying

Question 23

Aversive conditioning

Answer 23

Dysfunctional positive regard for something, replace it with negative associations

Question 24

Token economy

Answer 24

Rewarded for good behavior, punished for bad, but life does not really work like this, and behaviors may revert after therapy. Must remove privileges to earn them back

Question 25

Cognitive therapies

Answer 25

Nonspecific fears and depression

Question 26

Beck's Depression therapy

Answer 26

Must break cycle of depression, change negative thinking

Question 27

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Answer 27

Cognitive and behavioral changes to add to depression therapy (Get coffee with a friend)

Question 28

Group and family therapies

Answer 28

Show that others have the same struggles

Question 29

Evaluating psychotherapy

Answer 29

Most who receive therapy are better off than those who do not, but most people get better with time

Question 30

Therapy provides...

Answer 30

Hope for demoralized people; New perspective on yourself; an empathetic, trusting, and caring individual

Question 31

Anti-psychotics

Answer 31

Lower hallucinations, paranoia, block dopamine receptors in brain

Question 32

Anti-anxiety meds

Answer 32

Alcohol-like depression of CNS activity without too much drowsiness; Over-prescribed, can cause abuse; focusses on symptoms

Question 33

Anti-depressants

Answer 33

Blocks reabsorption of serotonin and norepinephrine, take 4 weeks for full effect

Question 34

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer 34

Send electricity through the brain, used to be abused, don't understand how it works, only used in extreme cases, involves some memory loss

Question 35

Deep brain stimulation

Answer 35

Area between frontal cortex and limbic system; inhibits negative emotions

Question 36

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Answer 36

Stimulates less active areas of the brain

Question 37

Psychosurgery

Answer 37

Brain surgery, rare, irreversible, cut things, lobotomy(used to this too much and cut a lot) Today, use lasers

Question 38

Therapeutic Life Change

Answer 38

Tricks body into feeling better, successful with depression

Question 39

What activities help the brain to be less depressed?

Answer 39

Aerobic exercise, adequate sleep, light, social connections, anti-rumination, nutritional supplements