Chapter 3

Question 1

Consciousness

Answer 1

Awareness of self and environment

Question 2

Circadian rhythm

Answer 2

internal biological clock

Question 3

NREM1

Answer 3

drowsing off

Question 4

NREM2

Answer 4

spindles: small bursts of activity

Question 5

NREM3

Answer 5

deep sleep, bed wetting, sleep walking, night terrors

Question 6

Restorative function of sleep

Answer 6

Helps recover from injuries

Question 6

Manifest content

Answer 6

Events that occur during the dream

Question 7

Activation synthesis hypothesis

Answer 7

Random neural activity + active emotional centers= dreams

Question 8

Latent content

Answer 8

Underlying meaning of the dream

Question 9

Who spends more time in REM?

Answer 9

Children

Question 10

What the sleep deprivation do?

Answer 10

Slows reaction times; impairs concentration, memory, and problem-solving ability; and makes it more difficult to retain newly acquired information

Question 11

Sleep patterns change with what?

Answer 11

age

Question 13

Narcolepsy

Answer 13

Suddenly falling into REM

Question 14

Sleep apnea

Answer 14

Stop breathing during sleep

Question 15

Sleep terror disorder

Answer 15

Intense fear, NREM3, no plot

Question 15

Sleepwalking disorder

Answer 15

Walk, Ok to wake them up, NREM3

Question 17

Hypnosis

Answer 17

Temporary state of being heightened to suggestion

Question 17

Post hypnotic suggestion

Answer 17

A hypnotists suggestion that the subject will respond in a particular way following hypnosis

Question 18

hypnotic pain relief

Answer 18

Focus not on the pain

Question 19

Psychoactive drugs

Answer 19

Chemical substances that act on the brain to affect emotional or mental states

Question 20

Drug abuse

Answer 20

Maladaptive or dangerous use of a chemical substance

Question 22

Physical addiction

Answer 22

need for drug- pain and cravings

Question 23

Withdrawal

Answer 23

discomfort/ distress when someone stops taking a drug

Question 24

Tolerance

Answer 24

Need more of the drug to get the desired effect

Question 25

Psychological dependence

Answer 25

need the drug to feel a certain way

Question 26

Depressants

Answer 26

slow system down

Question 26

Stimulants

Answer 26

Drugs that heighten the activity of the central nervous system

Question 28

Stimulants

Answer 28

excite neural activity

Question 29

Cocaine

Answer 29

stimulant; blocks reuptake of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine;

Question 30

MDMA or ecstasy

Answer 30

stimulant and mild hallucinogen; blocks repute of serotonin; increases feelings of intimacy; may cause permanent damage

Question 31

Nicotine

Answer 31

stimulant; addictive; develop tolerance; helps to calm; releases epinephrine and endorphins

Question 32

Caffeine

Answer 32

stimulant; increased energy; can create tolerance and withdrawal

Question 33

Hallucinogens

Answer 33

perception with out stimulation

Question 34

LSD

Answer 34

hallucinogen; blocks repute of serotonin; see shapes, have an out of body experience

Question 34

How to sleep better

Answer 34

``` Adopt a regular sleep schedule Don't try to force sleep Establish a regular bedtime routine Establish the proper cues for sleeping Avoid tossing and turning Avoid daytime naps Don't take your problems to bed Use mental imagery Adopt a regular exercise program Limit your intake of caffeine, especially in the afternoon Practice rational self talk ```

Question 35

Dual processing

Answer 35

info streamed simultaneously by consciousness and unconsciousness

Question 36

selective attention

Answer 36

attention focused on small part of incoming stimuli

Question 37

How much REM per minutes of sleep

Answer 37

10 in 90

Question 38

How many people think they have insomnia

Answer 38

10%

Question 39

Sleep theories

Answer 39

``` keeps us out of harms way restores body tissue cognitive functioning(memories) fuels creativity promotes physical health ```

Question 40

Are most dreams negative or positive

Answer 40

negative

Question 41

Psychoanalytical

Answer 41

Freud, vent unfulfilled desires and repressed thoughts

Question 42

Dream Theories

Answer 42

``` Psychoanalytical Info processing Physiological Need Activation Synthesis Cognitive development ```

Question 43

Info Processing

Answer 43

while we dream, we assimilate and organzine the day's experiences

Question 44

Physiological need for dreaming

Answer 44

neural pathways need to be active or they'll degrade

Question 45

activation synthesis

Answer 45

dreams take random neural activity and active emotional centers to form themselves

Question 46

proof of cognitive development in dreaming

Answer 46

kids and adults dream differently

Question 47

hypnosis as a social phenomenon

Answer 47

people feel social pressure to act like a good subject

Question 48

Why are memories recalled under hypnosis inaccurate?

Answer 48

We fill in the gaps with what makes sense

Question 49

What are three misconceptions about addiction?

Answer 49

Addictive drugs quickly corrupt addictions require therapy Gambling, etc.. are addictions

Question 50

alcohol

Answer 50

depressant; slows reactions, lowers inhibitions, makes sleepy

Question 51

opiate

Answer 51

depressent; painkiller

Question 52

What are three types of opiates?

Answer 52

opium, morphine, heroin

Question 53

What happens when you OD on opiates

Answer 53

stop breathing

Question 54

crack

Answer 54

more intense cocaine; brings out aggression

Question 55

meth

Answer 55

stimulant; triggers the release of dopamine

Question 56

expectations highly influence experience of what?

Answer 56

LSD