Chapter 15 Flashcards

Question

-kinesia

Answer 1

partial paralysis

Answer 2

order | coordination

Answer 3

near beside beyond

Answer 4

union together joined

Answer 5

inability to comprehend auditory, visual, spatial, olfactory or other sensations, even though the sensory sphere is intact

Answer 6

weakness disability or loss of strength

Answer 7

lack of muscle coordination in the execution of voluntary movement

Answer 8

Injury to the head in which the dura mater remains intact and brain tissue is not exposed

Answer 9

abnormally deep unconsciousness with an absence of voluntary response to stimuli

Answer 10

injury to the brain, occasionally with transient loss of consciousness as a result of trauma to the head

Answer 11

broad term that refers to cognitive deficit including memory impairment

Answer 12

inability to learn and process written language despite adequate intelligence, sensory ability, and exposure

Answer 13

autoimmune condition that causes acute inflammation of the peripheral nerves in which myelin sheaths on the axons are destroyed, resulting in decreased nerve impulses, loss of reflex response, and sudden muscle weakness

Answer 14

acute inflammatory eruption of highly painful vesicles on the trunk of the body or, occasionally, the face also called shingles

Answer 15

inherited disease of the CNS characterized by quick, involuntary movements, speech disturbances, and mental deterioration

Answer 16

accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain, causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP), thinning of brain tissue, and separation of cranial bones

Answer 17

develops at birth or any time afterward as a result of injury or disease

Answer 18

caused by factors that occur during fetal development or as a result of genetic abnormalities

Answer 19

abnormal inactivity or lack of response to normal stimuli

Answer 20

congenital deformity in which some or all of fetal brain is missing

Answer 21

congenital deformity of the neural tube (embryonic structure that becomes the fetal brain and spinal cord) which fails to close during fetal development also called neural tube defect

Answer 22

the spinal cord develops properly but the meninges protrude through the spine

Answer 23

most severe form in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through the spine

Answer 24

form of spina bifida in which one or more vertebrae are malformed and the spinal cord is covered with a layer of skin

Answer 25

paralysis, usually partial, and commonly characterized by weakness and shaking or uncontrolled tremor

Answer 26

facial paralysis caused by a functional disorder of the seventh cranial nerve

Answer 27

type of paralysis that affects movement and body position and sometimes speech and learning ability

Answer 28

loss of voluntary motion in one or more muscle groups with or without loss of sensation

Answer 29

paralysis of one side of the body, typically as the result of a stroke also called unilateral paralysis

Answer 30

paralysis of both lower limbs | typically as a result of trauma or disease of the lower spinal cord

Answer 31

paralysis of both arms and legs | commonly resulting in bowel, bladder, and sexual dysfunction

Answer 32

sensation of numbness, prickling, tingling, or heightened sensitivity

Answer 33

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity an paralysis

Answer 34

acute encephalopathy and fatty infiltration of the brain, liver, and, possibly, the pancreas, heart, kidney, spleen, and lymph nodes

Answer 35

brief loss of consciousness and posture caused by temporay decrease of blood flow to the brain also called fainting

Answer 36

recording of electrical activity in the brain, whose cells emit distinct patterns of rhythmic electrical impulses

Answer 37

recording of electrical signals (action potentials) that occur in a muscle when it is at rest and during contraction to assess muscular disease or nerve damage

Answer 38

needle puncture of the spinal cavity to extract spinal fluid for diagnostic purposes, introduce anesthetic agents into the spinal canal, or remove fluid to allow other fluids (such as radiopaque substances) to be injected also called a spinal puncture and spinal tap

Answer 39

test that measures the speed at which impulses travel through a nerve

Answer 40

technique that exposes abnormal tissue to extreme cold to destroy it

Answer 41

precisely focused (stereotactic radiation beams are used to treat tumors and other abnormal growths in the brain, spinal column and other body sites, and delivers high doses of radiation to the tumor with minimal exposure to surrounding healthy tissue

Answer 42

partial destruction of the thalamus to treat intractable pain, involuntary movements, including tremors in Parkinson disease; or emotional disturbances

Answer 43

transection of a nerve tract in the brain stem or spinal cord

Answer 44

technique that cuts a circular opening into the skull to reveal brain tissue and decrease intracranial pressure

Answer 45

relieves intracranial pressure due to hydrocephalus by diverting (shunting) excess cerebrospinal fluid from teh ventricles into the peritoneal or thoracic cavity

Answer 46

lab test to examine a sample of fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord used to diagnose disorders of the central nervous system, including viral and bacterial infections, tumors, and hemorrhage

Answer 47

``` radiographic image (angiogram) of the inside of a blood vessel after injection of a contrast medium also called arteriography ```

Answer 48

angiography in combination with a CT scan to produce high-resolution three-dimensional vascular images of the blood vessels

Answer 49

CT scan of the lumbar region after injection of a contrast medium to detect problems with teh spine and spinal nerve root

Answer 50

Ultrasound technique used to study intracranial structures of the brain and diagnose conditions that cause a shift in the midline structures of the brain

Answer 51

Noninvasive neuroimaging technique to pinpoint the specific location where seizure activity originates and enable custom surgical treatment for tumor and epileptic tissue resection also called MEG

Answer 52

radiographic examination to detect pathology of the spinal cord, including the location of a spinal cord injury, cysts, and tumors following injection of a contrast medium

Answer 53

computed tomography that records the positrons (positively charged particles) emitted from a radiopharmaceutical and produces a cross-sectional image of metabolic activity of body tissues to determine the presence of disease

Answer 54

Alzheimer disease

Answer 55

attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

Answer 56

central nervous system

Answer 57

cerebral palsy

Answer 58

cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 59

computed tomography

Answer 60

computed tomography angiography

Answer 61

cerevrovascular accident

Answer 62

electroencephalography

Answer 63

electromyography

Answer 64

intracranial pressure

Answer 65

loss of consciousness

Answer 66

lumbar puncture

Answer 67

magnetoencephalography

Answer 68

magnetic resonance imaging

Answer 69

musculoskeletal multiple sclerosis mental status mitral stenosis

Answer 70

magnetic source imaging

Answer 71

nerve conduction velocity

Answer 72

positron emission tomography

Answer 73

peripheral nervous system

Answer 74

stereotactic radiosurgery

Answer 75

transient ischemic attack

Answer 76

spinal cord

Answer 77

cranium | skull

Answer 78

bone marrow | spinal cord

Answer 79

phase of the grand mal seizure characterized by uncontrolled jerking of the body

Answer 80

mental disorder characterized by extreme withdrawal and abnormal absorption in fantasy

Answer 81

tests the speed at which impulses travel through a nerve

Answer 82

technique that uses extreme cold to destroy tissue

Answer 83

stroke whose symptoms resolve in about 24 hours

Answer 84

surgical treatment for intractable pain | involuntary movements, including tremors in parkinson disease or emotional disturbances

Answer 85

transection of a nerve tract in the brain stem or spinal cord

Answer 86

incision of a circular opening into the skull to reveal brain tissue and decrease intracranial pressure

Answer 87

pain that radiates down the nerve