Chapter 16 Flashcards
0
Q
acuity
A
clearness or sharpness of a sensory function
1
Q
accommodation
A
adjustment of the eye for various distances so that images fall on the retina of the eye
2
Q
adnexa
A
tissues or structures in the body adjacent to or near a related structure
3
Q
humor
A
any fluid or semifluid of the body
4
Q
labyrinth
A
series of intricate communicating passages
5
Q
opaque
A
substance or surface that neither transmits nor allows the passage of light
6
Q
perilymph
A
fluid that very closely resembles spinal fluid but found in the cochlea
7
Q
photopigment
A
light sensitive pigment in the retinal cones and rods that absorbs light and initiates the visual process
also called visual pigment
8
Q
refractive
A
ability to bend light rays as they pass from one medium to another
9
Q
tunic
A
layer or coat of tissue
also called membrane layer
10
Q
ambly/o
A
dull
dim
11
Q
aque/o
A
water
12
Q
blephar/o
A
eyelid
13
Q
choroid/o
A
choroid
14
Q
conjunctiv/o
A
conjunctiva
15
Q
core/o, pupill/o
A
pupil
16
Q
corne/o
A
cornea
17
Q
cycl/o
A
ciliary body of the eye
circular
cycle
18
Q
dacry/o, lacrim/o
A
tear
lacrimal apparatus
duct, sac, gland
19
Q
dacryocyst/o
A
lacrimal sac
20
Q
glauc/o
A
gray
21
Q
goni/o
A
angle
22
Q
irid/o
A
iris
23
Q
kerat/o
A
horny tissue
hard
cornea
24
ocul/o, ophthalm/o
eye
25
opt/o, optic/o
eye
| vision
26
phac/o
lens
27
phot/o
light
28
presby/o
old age
29
retin/o
retina
30
scler/o
hardening sclera (white of the eye)
31
scot/o
darkness
32
vitr/o
vitreous body
| of the eye
33
audi/o
hearing
34
labyrinth//o
labyrinth
| inner ear
35
mastoid/o
mastoid process
36
ot/o
ear
37
salping/o
tubes
| usually fallopian or eustachian auditory tubes
38
staped/o
stapes
39
myring/o
tympanic membrane
| eardrum
40
tympan/o
tympanic membrane
41
-acusia, -cusis
hearing
42
-opia, -opsia
vision
43
-tropia
turning
44
exo-
outside
| outward
45
hyper-
excessive
| above normal
46
achromatopsia
severe congenital deficiency in color perception
47
chalazion
small, hard tumor developing on the eyelid
48
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva with vascular congestion that produces a red or pink eye and may be secondary to allergy or viral, bacterial, or fungal infections
49
ectropion
Eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid
50
entropion
Inversion, or inward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid
51
epiphora
abnormal overflow of tears
52
hrodeolum
localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection
also called stye
53
metamorphopsia
visual distortion of objects
54
nyctalopia
impaired vision in dim light
| night blindness
55
nystagmus
type of involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision
56
papilledema
swelling and hyperemia of the optic disc, usually associated with increased intracranial pressure
choked disc
57
photophobia
unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light
58
presbyopia
loss of accommodation of the crystalline lens associated with the aging process
59
retinopathy
any disorder of retinal blood vessels
60
diabetic retinopathy
disorder that occurs in patients with diabetes and manifests as small hemorrhages, edema, and formation of new vessels on the retina, leading to scarring and eventual loss of vision
61
trachoma
chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis that typically leads to blindness
62
anacusis
complete deafness
63
conduction impairment
blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear
conduction pathway
64
labyrinthitis
inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process
65
Meniere disease
disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive loss of hearing
66
noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)
condition caused by the destruction of hair cels, the organs responsible for hearing, as a result of sounds that are "too long, too loud, or too close"
67
otitis externa
infection of the external auditory canal
68
presbyacusis
impairment of hearing resulting from old age
69
tinnitus
perception of ringing, hissing, or other sounds in the ears or head when no external sound is present
70
vertigo
sensation of a spinning motion either of oneself or of the surroundings
71
ear irrigation
flushing of the ear canal with water or saline to dislodge foreign bodies or impacted cerumen (earwax)
72
slit-lamp examination (SLE)
stereoscopic magnified view of the anterior eye structures in detail, which includes the cornea, lens, iris, sclera, and vitreous humor
73
blepharoplasty
cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly form as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to the sun
74
pressure-equalizing (PE) tube placement
insertion of tubes through the tympanic membrane, commonly used to treat chronic otitis media
75
cochlear implant insertion
placement of an artificial hearing device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear
76
cyclodialysis
formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma
77
enucleation
removal of the eyeball from the orbit
78
evisceration
removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and cornea intact
79
mastoid antrotomy
surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process
80
otoplasty
corrective surgery for a deformed or excessively large or small pinna
81
phacoemulsification
method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate cloudy lens, which is the n aspirated and removed
82
radial keratotomy (RK)
incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism
83
sclerostomy
surgical formation of an opening in the sclera
84
tympanoplasty
reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation
85
audiometry
measurement of hearing acuity at various sound wave frequencies
86
caloric stimulation test
test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear (acoustic nerve) to determine if nerve damage is the case of vertigl
87
electronstagmography
method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles
88
gonioscopy
examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular motility and rotation and diagnose and manage glaucoma
89
ophthalmodynamometry
measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels
90
ophthalmoscopy
visual exam of the interior of the eye using a handheld instrument called an ophthalmoscope which has various adjustable lenses for magnification and light source to illuminate the interior of the eye
91
otoscopy
visual exam of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope
92
pneumatic otoscopy
procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to change in air pressure
93
retinoscopy
evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays
94
tonometry
evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force
95
turning fork test
evaluation of sound conduction using a vibrating turning fork
96
Rinne turning fork test
evaluates bone conduction (BC) versus air conduction (AC) of sound
97
Weber turning fork test
evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time
98
visual acuity (VA) test
part of an eye exam that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 feet
99
dacryocystography
radiograhic imaging procedure of the nasolacrimal (tear) glands and ducts
100
fluorescein angiography
evaluation of blood vessels and their leakage in and beneath the retina after injection of fluorescein dye, which circulates while photographs of the vessels within the eye are obtained
101
Acc
accommodation
102
ARMD, AMD
age-related mascular degeneration
103
Ast
astigmatism
104
ENG
electronystagmography
105
IOL
intraocular lens
106
IOP
intraocular pressure
107
LASIK
laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
108
AC
air conduction
109
BC
bone conduction
110
ENT
ear
nose
throat
111
NIHL
noise-induced hearing loss
112
O.D.
doctor of optometry
113
RK
radial keratotomy
114
SLE
slit-lamp examination
| systemic lupus erythematosus
115
ST
esotropia
116
VA
visual acutiy
117
VF
visual field
118
XT
exotropia
119
OM
otitis media
120
PE
physical examination
pulmonary embolism
pressure-equalizing (tube)
121
URI
upper respiratory infection
122
ophthalm/o
eye
123
pupill/o
pupil
124
kerat/o
cornea
125
scler/o
sclera
126
irid/o
iris
127
retin/o
retina
128
blephar/o
eyelid
129
ot/o
ear
130
audi/o
hearing
131
-opia
vision
132
-acusis
hearing
133
cataract
opacity that forms on the lens and impairs vision
134
achromatopsia
severe congenital form of color blindness
135
presbyacusis
impaired hearing due to old age
136
anacusis
complete deafness
137
otitis externa
infection of the external auditory canal
138
otosclerosis
ankylosis of the middle ear bones resulting in hearing loss
139
otitis media
middle ear infection commonly found in infants and children
140
otopyorrhea
discharge of pus from the ear
141
vertigo
feeling of dizziness
142
exotropia
outward deviation of the eye
143
drusen
small, yellowish deposits that develop on macula in age related macular degeneration
144
chalazion
tumor of the eyelid similar to a sebaceous cyst
145
amblyopia
lazy eye syndrome
146
retinoblastoma
neoplastic disease of the eye found primarily in children
147
tinnitus
perception of ringing in the ears with no external stimuli
148
caloric stimulation
test that uses different temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve
149
ophthalmoscopy
visual exam of the interior of the eye
150
cochlear implant
artificial device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear
151
fluorescein angiography
assesses blood vessels and retinal circulation using a colored dye while photographs are taken
152
mydriatics
agents that dilate the pupils and paralyze the eye muscles of accommodation
153
evisceration
removal of the contents of the eyeball leaving the sclera and cornea
154
antimetics
treat and prevent nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo
155
ST
esotropia
156
XT
exotropia
157
gonioscopy
visual exam of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye
158
radial keratotomy
surgical treatment for nearsightedness that uses small incisions to flatten the cornea
159
otic analgesics
provide temporary relief from earache
160
tonometry
pressure measurement
161
hyperopia
farsightedness
162
trabeculoplasty
surgical repair of the trabecula
