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Anatomy > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

what makes up the integumentary system?

A

epidermis, dermis, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebacous glands, NOT subcutaneous

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2
Q

describe the epidermis

A

composed of stratified squamous epithelium

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3
Q

Keratinocytes are the predominant cells in the:

A

Epidermis

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4
Q

The function of keratin is to:

A

Make skin tough and waterproof

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5
Q

What makes up the stratum basale and what is its function?

A

Stratum germatibum, same as stratum basale

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6
Q

What is the correct arrangement of the epidermis?

A

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, and merkal cells.
Superficial to deep (stratum corneum)

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7
Q

Which layer of the epidermis consists of 25-30 layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes?

A

Stratum corneum

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8
Q

What is present in thick skin but not in thin skin?

A

Stratum lucidem

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9
Q

What is involved in skin grafts and when are they used?

A

Transfer of a patch of healthy skin taken from a donor site to cover a wound.

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10
Q

The average length of time for a cell to be produced by the stratum basale, rise to the surface, become keratinized, and slough off is about how long?

A

one month

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11
Q

What is psoriasis?

A

Skin disorder keratinocytes reproduce too quickly

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12
Q

Describe the dermis.

A

Contains fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes

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13
Q

What is the superficial portion of the dermis?

A

Papillary region, includes touch receptors called messener corpusels

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14
Q

What is the reticular region of the dermis?

A

Collegen and elastic fibers

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15
Q

What are fingerprints and why are they unique

A

Unique to each individual and constant in pattern throughout life

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16
Q

What is a benign, localized overgrowth of melanocytes that usually appears during childhood or adolescence?

A

nevis/mole

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17
Q

A patient with liver disease has elevated level of bilirubin in his blood. How may the presence of bilirubin affect his skin color?

A

Cause his skin to turn yellow like being jaundiced

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18
Q

An obstetrician has just delivered a baby boy and is concerned because he is cyanotic. Which of the following statements explains the term cyanotic and why the doctor is concerned?

A

Cyanotic means that the skin and mucous membranes have an abnormal bluish tint. Cyanotic skin and mucous membranes reflect a lack of adequate oxygen circulation in the tissues.
–Bluish tint, lack of o2

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19
Q

An individual born without the ability to make the enzyme tyrosinase has what condition? A) vitiligo B) albinism C) jaundice D) cyanosis E) erythema

A

B

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20
Q

What is tattooing and what does it effect?

A

Ink particles into dermis

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21
Q

What are the dangers of body piercing?

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A

Jewelry, year to healing, cartilage deformation, interfere with medical produceders

22
Q

What are the accessory structures of the skin?

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A

Merkal disks, (hair, sebaceous glands, nails)

23
Q

What constitutes true of hair?

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A

Not, composed of living cells

24
Q

What is the function of hair?

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A

Protect, light touch, protects nostrils, ear canals

25
What are the functions of the structures of hair?
Erector pilli muscle raise hair in response to cold, or emotional stress
26
Which of the following is true of hair growth?
Normal hair loss for old people is 100 hairs a day
27
When do hair follicles develop?
NOT between 9-10 days after conception
28
Which people are most likely to have white hair?
Albino, those who produce air bubbles in the hair shaft
29
what is sebum?
Produced by sebaceous gland, attached to hair follicles
30
What is acne?
Inflammation of sebaceous glands
31
What is the function eccrine sudoriferous glands?
Assists regulation of body temperature
32
What is the function of epocrine sudoriferous glands?
Auxiliary, inguinal, areoler, bearded region of face
33
What is the function ceruminous glands?
Earwax production
34
Explain what true nails are
Not non keratinized, they are keratinized
35
How does thin skin compare to thick skin?
Thin skin has fewer sensory receptors than thick skin
36
What is the function of the skin?
Excretes waste products, first line of defense, regulates body temp, vitamin D NOT MAKES VITAMIN A
37
How does skin contribute to regulation of body temperature?
Perspiration, evaporates, altering blood flow to dermis
38
In ways does the skin protect?
Does NOT Promote dehydration
39
What are cutaneous sensations?
touch, pressure, itch, tickle
40
What does the skin excrete?
Sweat, salts, ammonia, urea, carbon dioxide, heat, CO2, water
41
A pharmaceutical company wants to create new medications that may be administered transdermally. Based on your knowledge of what the skin can absorb, which of the following products is a good candidate for transdermal delivery?
Lipid soluble analgesic related to lidocaine
42
What takes place in epidermal wound healing?
Requires basal cells detach from basement membrane
43
What are the phases required for deep wound healing?
Inflammatory phase (inflammation), migratory phase, proliferative phase, maturation phase
44
Explain wound healing processes.
All of the following except, epidermal wound healin usually results in fibrosis
45
What are the steps of the development of the integumentary system?
Epidermis develops from ectoderm, | 46
46
How does aging affect the integumentary system?
Elasticity and extensibility decreases
47
How does the integumentary system integrate with the other body systems?
Cutaneous allows nervous to detect environment and maintain homeostasis
48
What are examples of skin cancers?
Basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, malignant melanomas No, melanoma is the most dangerous and not the most common
49
What is true of burns?
the systemic effects of a major burn are a greater threat to life than the local effect of a burn (p. 175) because the body can go into shock, large losses of fluids
50
Who is most likely to develop a pressure ulcer?
Paralyzed individual, poor circulation, improper care, bedridden

Anatomy (15 decks)

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