Endo-Repro Anatomy 1 Flashcards Preview

Cardio > Endo-Repro Anatomy 1 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Endo-Repro Anatomy 1 Deck (39)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Inferior hypogastric 

A

 provides autonomic nerves to pelvic viscera, and contains sympathetic fibres, and parasympathetic fibres from pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2, 3, 4).

2
Q

Internal Iliac artery: (ADD DIAGRAM)

Branches:

A
  1. Obturator artery
  2. Superior vesical and obliterated umbilical artery
  3. Uterine artery in female (lying under ureter, close to cervix) – replaced by middle rectal artery in male
  4. Vaginal artery (female) or inferior vesical artery (male)
  5. Superior and inferior gluteal arteries (pass ino the buttock)
  6. Internal pudendal artery (winding around the ischial spine)
3
Q

Muscles of Pelvic sidewall and the pelvic floor 

A

Obturator internus
Piriformis
Levator ani
Coccygeus

4
Q

Obturator internus
Action
Innervation

A

Abducts & externally rotates thigh, and stabilizer of the hip during walking
Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2)

5
Q

Piriformis
Action
Innervation

A

External rotator of the thigh L5, S1 and S2

6
Q

Levator ani
Action
Innervation

A

Supports contents of pelvic cavity Levator ani nerve (S4)

Inferior rectal nerve from pudendal (S3,4)

7
Q

Coccygeus
Action
Innervation

A

pulls coccyx forward after defecation, closing in the back part of the outlet of the pelvis
S4, S5`

8
Q

Perineum:

Boundaries of the perineum and its divisions:

A
  • Urogenital triangle
  • Anal triangle
  • Ischioanal/ischiorectal fossa
9
Q

Urogenital triangle Boundaries

A

Pubic symphisis
Tip fc coccyx
Ischeal tuberoscity

10
Q

Urogenital triangle Contents

A
•	Posterior scrotal nerves / Posterior labial nerves
•	Urethra
•	Vagina
•	Bulbourethral gland / Bartholin's gland
•	Muscles
o	Transversus perinei superficialis muscle
o	Ischiocavernosus muscle
o	Bulbospongiosus muscle
•	Crus penis / Clitoral crura
•	Bulb of penis / vestibular bulb
•	Urogenital diaphragm
•	Muscular perineal body
•	Superficial and Deep perineal pouch
•	Blood vessels and lymphatic
11
Q

Urogenital triangle What is the perineal membrane

A

It is the superior border of the superficial perineal pouch, and the inferior border of the deep perineal pouch.

Its lateral margins are attached on either side to the inferior rami of the pubis and ischium, above the crus penis.
Its base is directed toward the rectum, and connected to the central tendinous point of the perineum.The base is fused with both the pelvic fascia and Colle’s fascia

12
Q

What is the perineal body

A

is a pyramidal fibromuscular mass in the middle line of the perineum at the junction between the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle. It is found in both males and females. In males, it is found between the bulb of penis and the anus; in females, is found between the vagina and anus, and about 1.25 cm in front of the latter

13
Q

Anal triangle: Boundaries

A

Obturator internus laterally

Tip of coccyx, ischeal tuberoscity and levator ani medially

14
Q

Anal triangle:

Contents

A
Anus
External anal sphincter muscle
Ischeo-anal fossa (fat filled)
Levator ani
Obturator
15
Q

Anal triangle: Which nerve controls the external anal sphincter

A

Pudendal nerve

16
Q

Ischioanal/Ischiorectal fossa:

Which two muscles does this space lie between?

A

Obturator internus

Levator ani

17
Q

Ischioanal/Ischiorectal fossa:

Which blood vessels and nerves run through this space

A

Internal pudendal artery/vein

Pudendal nerve

18
Q

Deep and superficial perineal pouches: Which glands are located in these pouches in the male and female?

A

Deep Bulbourethral gland (males).

Superficial  Bartholin gland (female)

19
Q

Deep and superficial perineal pouches: Transverse perineal muscles

A

Superficial and deep perineal muscle

20
Q

Pudendal Nerve: What are its root values

A

Sacral nerves S2, S3, S4

21
Q

Pudendal Nerve: What does it supply

A

 It carries sensation from the external genitalia of both sexes and the skin around the anus and perineum.
 Motor supply to various pelvic muscles, including the external urethral sphincter and the external anal sphincter.

22
Q

Pudendal Nerve: How does it exit the pelvis/enter the perineum

A

The pudendal nerve passes between the piriformis muscle and ischiococcygeus muscles and leaves the pelvis through the lower part of the greater sciatic foramen.[2] It crosses over the lateral part of the sacrospinous ligament and reenters the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen

23
Q

Pudendal Nerve: Function

A

It carries sensation from the external genitalia of both sexes and the skin around the anus and perineum, as well the motor supply to various pelvic muscles, including the external urethral sphincter and the external anal sphincter.

24
Q
  1. Parietal pelvic fascia 
A

over obturator internus and piriformis

25
Q
  1. Endo-pelvic fascia (between levator ani and peritoneum)
A

a. Condenses to form ligaments which provide support for pelvic viscera

26
Q

Peritoneal membrane  attachment for

A

roots of genitalia

27
Q

Clitoris: Blood supply 

A
  1. The deep artery of clitoris and dorsal artery of clitoris is a branch of the internal pudendal artery.
28
Q

Clitoris: Venous drainage

A

 The superficial dorsal veins of clitoris is a tributary of the external pudendal vein.
 The deep dorsal vein of clitoris is a vein which drains to the vesical plexus.

29
Q

Clitoris:Innervation

A

The dorsal nerve of the clitoris is a nerve in females that branches off the pudendal nerve to innervate the clitoris.

30
Q

Penis root

A

Fixed, attached to the perineal membrane

31
Q

Glans penis covered by

A

Prepuce

32
Q

Crura attachment

A

begins at the inferior ramus of the pubic bone

33
Q

Blood supply

A

all of the penile arteries arise from the internal pudendal artery from the internal iliac artery

34
Q

Penis: Venous drainage

A

the veins of the penis break through the tunica albuginea and open via the circumflex veins in the unpaired deep dorsal vein, which empties into the venous plexus of Santorini. The superficial dorsal vein lies external to Buck’s fascia.

35
Q

Penis:Lymph drainage

A

superficial inguinal and subinguinal lymph nodes. The proximal urethra drains into the pelvic lymph nodes (internal iliac and common iliac lymph nodes).

36
Q

Skin of scrotum

A

Skin of the scrotum is pigmented and rugose and has a median raphe

37
Q

Subcutaneous tissues of scrotum

A

Continuous with Camper’s fascia of abdominal wall

38
Q

Dartos muscle function

A

Smooth muscle fibers interspersed within the dartos fascia (superficial fascia of scrotum), causing contraction of the scrotum, as when experiencing a cool environmental temperature.

39
Q

Lymph drainage of scrotum

A

Lumbar Lymph nodes

Decks in Cardio Class (108):