Exam 2: Camelid Medicine Flashcards by Preeti Gulve

Llama vs. Alpaca:

Larger, average weight 250 - 500 lbs

Llama

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Llama vs. Alpaca:

Head shorter, square nose, ears straighter and more erect

Alpaca

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Llama vs. Alpaca:

Fiber is more coarse, large diameter

Llama

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Llama vs. Alpaca:

Guard hairs present in undercoat

Llama

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Intact male camelid

Male, macho, stud

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Castrated male camelid

Gelding

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Unweaned male or female camelid

Cria

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Weaned male or female camelid

Juvenile

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Act of giving birth in camelids

Criation or birthing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Haircoat in camelids

FIBER (not fleece or wool)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Llama/Alpaca crossbreed

Huarizo

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 2 Alpaca subtypes?

Hyacaya

Suri (lack of crimp to fiber- ringlets)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The name for when a camelid is laying sternal with

front legs tucked

CUSH

sitting down, evasive behavior, seen with breeding

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

_______ teeth are present in both males and females;

represent the upper third vestigial incisor

and upper and lower canines

FIGHTING

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Camelids lack these teeth in the upper arcade

Incisors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Llamas vs. Alpacas:

Incisors grow continously

ALPACAS only

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Eye color of camelids is generally ________.

Blue less desirable- link to deafness

brown

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The opening between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx is known as the

_________

choanae

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The rostral 1/2 of nasal planum in camelids is cartilage

making them _____________ breathers

OBLIGATE NASAL breathers

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This anatomical characteristic in camelids is present on the

dorsal nasopharynx, making endotracheal intubation difficult

Nasopharyngeal diverticulum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Camelids lack a true

_______ _______ vein

external jugular vein

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Camelids lack a true external jugular vein,

but the internal jugular vein is present in the same location.

Which side is larger?

RIGHT internal jugular vein is larger than the left

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Camelids have _______ pairs of ribs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Thoracocentesis in camelids is performed between the

_______ intercostal space, 2-4cm dorsal to the costochondral junction

6th or 7th ICS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In regards to the GIT, Camelids are modified ruminants with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ stomach compartments

Which stomach compartment in camelids is the largest, rumen-like; more secretory (bicarb and mucous)

Compartment **1**

These 2 stomach compartments in camelids combined function like the reticulum, omasum, and abomasum

C2 and C3

Only this compartment secretes **acid** in the camelid GIT

C**3**

How many rumenations per minute are normal in camelids?

3 - 4 per minute (occur in the opposite direction of cattle)

T/F: camelids do not have a gall bladder

TRUE

The liver of camelids is located completely on the \_\_\_\_\_\_ side of the abdomen and is normally **fibrated**

right

What are the liver biopsy landmarks in camelids?

Right side, between ribs 11 and 12

In camelids, the **spleen** is attached to the left dorsal aspect of this stomach compartment

C**1**

Are camelid kidneys smooth (like sheep) or lobulated (like cattle)?

SMOOTH like sheep

What type of uterus do camelids have?

Bicornuate uterus

What type of placenta do camelids have?

Epitheliochorial placenta (like equines)

95% of pregnancies in camelids occur in the _______ horn

left

Congenital abnormalities of the female repro tract are common in camelids. Name the 2 most common defects

Segmental aplasia Double cervix

This muscle is responsible for directing the penis forward when erect in camelids

Caudal preputial muscle

What accessory glands are present in camelids?

Prostate and bulbourethral gland

This anatomical characteristic is present at the level of the bulbourethral glands in camelids, making urethral cathetherization difficult. It is also a site for urinary obstruction

Urethral recess

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ glands are present on the inside of the HIND legs in camelids

Metatarsal glands

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ glands are present on all 4 feet in camelids, and have unknown function

Interdigital glands

Weight-bearing in camelids occurs on the thick pads of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (not the toenails) leading to the "dropped pastern" appearance

P2/P3

Camelids are __________ ovulators

Induced * A mature follicle (8 - 12 mm) must be present for ovulation to occur* * Copulation stimulates release of LH and subsequent ovulation occurs within 2 days*

Copulation stimulates release of LH and subsequent ovulation occurs within _____ days

T/F: Llamas and Alpacas are seasonal breeders (short-day breeders)

FALSE! Llamas and Alpacas are **NON-SEASONAL** breeders

In the courtship ritual of llamas and alpacas, **receptive** females will lay down in a ______ position when approached by a male

cush

Pregnancy diagnosis is based upon **progesterone levels \>2ng/mL** _______ days post-mating or **rectal U/S** at ______ days

Pregnancy diagnosis is based upon **progesterone levels \>2ng/mL** _15 - 20_ days post-mating or **rectal U/S** at _25_ days

The use of _________ has resulted in ACUTE DEATH in camelids!

Lutalyse

Pregnant female camelids should be vaccinated for these diseases **60 days before birthing**

Clostridium C, D, and T

This optional vaccine should only be given to breeding females and followed by a booster 3 - 4 times per year

Leptospirosis

Which 2 vaccines should be given to llamas or alpacas that are co-mingled or exposed to horses?

Equine rhinovirus and influenza

Describe the deworming protocol to follow to protect your llamas and alpacas from **meningeal worms**

Deworm with **IVERMECTIN** once q4weeks from **May-Nov** Deworm with **FENBENDAZOLE** once q4weeks from **Dec-Apr**

When do you perform fecal egg counts to evaulate the efficacy of your meningeal worm protocol?

May and November

What is the causative agent of Meningeal Worm Infection

*Parephalostrongylus tenuis*

Chronic ocular discharge in an ALPACA may be due to a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ or a secondary infection

blocked nasal lacrimal duct

Normal alpaca crias should weigh ______ lbs and Normal llama crias should weigh ______ lbs

Normal **alpaca** crias should weigh **_12_** lbs and Normal **llama** crias should weigh **_18_** lbs

The stomach of a south american camelid has ____ compartments

The daily intake for most normal camelids is \_\_\_\_\_% body weight

1.5% BW

Crude fiber should be about \_\_\_\_\_% of the diet for camelids

**20% only** * Often people will feed equine hay and they get TOO MUCH fiber, then die* * of heat stroke*

In LLAMA practice, excessive alfalfa hay intake can cause _______ deficiency

ZINC

\_\_\_\_\_\_ are the intermediate host for meningeal worm infection in camelids

Snails

To prevent meningeal worm infection in camelids you should decrease cohabitation with \_\_\_\_\_\_

deer

Llamas vs. Alpacas: Used for guard animals, pack animals, companion animals, fibers

Llamas

Llamas vs. Alpacas: Smaller, used for craft items, fibers in many different colors

Alpacas

Vaccinations for camelids should include RABIES because they get the ________ form of it

aggressive

Camelids are very susceptible to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, just like equines

Tetanus

DO NOT CATCH LLAMAS BY THE \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Use the **midline catch** instead

neck

All injections should be below a line from point of _______ to point of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_

shoulder; hip * if an injection abscesses it will more likely cause severe damage* * if higher than this line*

The jugular vein is located between the transverse processes and the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

trachea

A way to get blood from a llama or alpaca by yourself- bend over them with their neck resting on your thighs, they put their neck down and the jugular distends via gravity

BUCK EYE Bleeding Technique

Permanent tooth eruption in camelids: Incisors

2 - 4 years

Permanent tooth eruption in camelids: Canine

2 - 3.5 years

Permanent tooth eruption in camelids: Premolars

3.5 - 5 years

Permanent tooth eruption in camelids: Molars

6 months - 4 years

How many permanent teeth do camelids have?

14 (or 16)

How many deciduous teeth do camelids have?

9 (or 11)

What do you use to trim fighting teeth in males and females (camelids)?

OB WIRE

T/F: Alpacas are about half the size of Llamas

TRUE

What is beserk male syndrome?

a psychological condition suffered by human-raised llamas and alpacas that cancause them to exhibit dangerously aggressive behavior toward humans.

Exam 2: Camelid Medicine Flashcards

(81 cards)