Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ANP 1107 > Lecture 13 > Flashcards

Lecture 13 Flashcards

1
Q

What kidney is lower and why

A

Right kidney
due to liver location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What kind of organ is the kidney

A

Retroperitoneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where do you find the kidneys

A

superior lumbar region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What verterbra are the kidneys between

A

12th thoracic
3rd lumbar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What glands sit on top of the kidneys

A

adrenal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do adrenal glands produce

A

steroid hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the renal hilum

A

the little indentation you see on the outside (gives it the bean shape)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the little indentation you see on the outside (gives it the bean shape) in the kidney

A

Renal hilum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is he renal sinus

A

A large cavity inside the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the three layers to the kidney

A

renal capsule
perirenal fat capsule
renal fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What layer of the kidney is sturdy against microorganisms

A

renal capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the innermost layer of the kidney

A

renal capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What layer of the kidney is associated with cushioning, and holding the kidneys in place

A

Perirenal fat capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What part of the kidney helps prevent kinks in the ureter

A

perirenal fat capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is renal ptosis

A

One or both kidneys have dropped lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What layer of the kidney has an anchoring role

A

renal fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What layer of the kidney is the outermost

A

renal fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What layer of the kidney is dense CT surrounding adrenal gland and kidney

A

renal fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where does the initial filtration of the blood occur

A

The cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The cortex filters out everything except for

A

cells and plasma proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the medullary/renal pyramids

A

medulla; darker regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the medullary pyramids seperated by

A

renal columns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the renal columns composed of

A

Cortical tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the pelvis continuous with

A

the ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are minor calices
Little tubes that collect from the collecting ducts and lead to major calices
26
What are major calices
Big tubes that lead to the pelvis, minor calices connect into these
27
What is pyelonephritis
Infection of the kidnesy
28
What sex is more susceptible to kidney infections
Females - shorter ureter
29
what artery does the kidney have that doesn't exist as a vein
Segmental
30
What are the 4 nephron associated BV
Afferent arteriole Glomerulus Efferent arteriole Peritubular capillaries/vasa recta
31
what percentage of systemic CO goes to kidneys per min
25%
32
What is the nerve supply to the kidney provided by
renal plexus
33
What NS controls the kidney
Sympathetic
34
Where does all the filtration occur
The glomerulus
35
Describe the pathway through the nephron
Afferent arteriole Glomerulus Proximal convoluted tube Loop of henle Distal convoluted tube Collecting duct
36
What is the Bowman's capsule
membranous structure surrounding the glomerulus
37
What comprises the renal corpuscle
Bowmans capsule Glomerulus
38
What kind of capillaries are in the kidneys
fenestrated
39
What cells make up bowmans capsule
Podocytes
40
What cells wrap around individual capillaries of the glomerulus
podocytes
41
What is the name for the spots between the podocytes
Filtration slits
42
What does fluid pass through into the lumen of bowman's capsule
Filtration slits between podocytes
43
Where does fluid in bowmans capsule flow to
Proximal convoluted tube
44
What are pedicels
Long foot processes off the podocytes to create filtration slits
45
What two cells are present in the collecting duct
Principal cells Intercalated cells
46
Where would you find Principal cells Intercalated cells
The collecting duct
47
Do principal cells have microvilli
nope
48
Do intercalated cells have microvilli
Yup
49
What is the function of principal cells in the collecting duct
salt and water balance
50
What is the function of intercalated cells in the collecting duct
acid-base balance
51
What collecting duct cell works on salt and water balance
principal cells
52
What collecting duct cell works on the acid-base balance
Intercalated cells
53
What are the two types of nephrons we have (and percentages)
cortical 85% juxtamedullary 15%
54
When does filtration become regulated in the nephron
Distal convoluted tube
55
Where in the nephron is filtration automatic
proximal convoluted tube and nephron
56
How do the proximal and distal convoluted tubes differ
The proximal tube filters everything, while the distal filters/adds based on the bodys needs
57
Does the afferent or efferent arteriole have a larger diameter? why
afferent allows for higher BP in capillary for forced filtration
58
What is the name for the second capillary bed wrapped around the nephron
peritubular capillaries
59
What is the vasa recta
Organized ladders of capillaries in the juxtamedullary nephrons
60
Where would you find the juxtaglomerular complex
right beside the glomerulus
61
What cells are primarily in the afferent arteriole wall
granular cells
62
What cells secrete renin - are enlarged smooth muscle cells
Granular cells
63
What cells compose the tubule walls
macula densa cells
64
What cells monitor filtrate
macula densa cells
65
What is the entry point of the ureter to the bladder
The floor
66
What is the opening of ureters or urine to come in bladder
ureteric orifices
67
What is the trigone of the bladder
connects the two entry points to the exit point
68
What connects the two entry points to the exit point
The bladder trigone
69
Why is the bladder trigone clinically important
Where most infections occur
70
What is the opening of ureters for urine to come in
ureter orifices
71
What type of muscle is in the internal urethral sphincter
Smooth
72
What type of muscle is in the external ureter sphincter
Skeletal
73
Where does the external uretal sphincter lie
the urogenital diaphragm
74
What is rugae
Folds that allow the bladder to stretch out
75
Name of the folds that allow the bladder to stretch out
Rugae
76
What is the name of the fluid that travels through the nephron
Filtrate
77
What is the final product of the kidney filtraton
urine
78
What are the 3 major renal processes
Glomerular filtration Tubular reabsorption Tubular secretion
79
What is the name for the plasma minus proteins
Filtrate
80
What is the name for the filtrate minus nutrients
Urine
81
How much fluid do the kidneys process a day
180 L
82

ANP 1107 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions