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PPOM1 Block 4 > Lecture 171 > Flashcards

Lecture 171 Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

What four main families of viruses are known to cause VHF?

A

Arenaviruses, Bunyaviruses, Filoviruses, Flaviviruses

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2
Q

What two characteristics are shared by most viruses that cause VHF?

A

Enveloped and ssRNA genome

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3
Q

What is a reservoir?

A

An organism or environment where an infectious pathogen naturally lives and reproduces

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4
Q

What is a vector?

A

An organism that transmits a pathogen from a reservoir to a host

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5
Q

What family does the Lassa virus belong to?

A

Arenavirus

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6
Q

What is the reservoir for Lassa virus?

A

Rodents (rats)

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7
Q

What family does Hantavirus belong to?

A

Bunyavirus

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8
Q

What is the reservoir for Hantavirus?

A

Rodents (mice)

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9
Q

What disease does Hantavirus cause?

A

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

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10
Q

What family does dengue virus belong to?

A

Flavivirus

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11
Q

What is the vector for dengue virus?

A

Aedes mosquito

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12
Q

What family does yellow fever virus belong to?

A

Flavivirus

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13
Q

What is the vector for yellow fever virus?

A

Aedes mosquito

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14
Q

What family does Ebola virus belong to?

A

Filovirus

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15
Q

What is the reservoir for Ebola virus?

A

Fruit bat or primates

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16
Q

What family does the Marburg virus belong to?

A

Filovirus

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17
Q

What is the reservoir for Marburg virus?

A

Fruit bat or primates

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18
Q

What viral families have a segmented genome (BOAR)?

A

Bunyaviruses, orthomyxoviruses, arenaviruses, reoviruses

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19
Q

What family of viruses that cause VHF infects macrophages?

A

Arenaviruses

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20
Q

What is the average incubation period for arenaviruses?

21
Q

What is the geographical distribution of Lassa virus?

22
Q

What are the most characteristic clinical features of Lassa virus?

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A

Coagulopathy, mucosal bleeding, photophobia, tingling

23
Q

What is the most common complication of Lassa virus?

24
Q

How is Lassa virus treated?

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A

Ribavirin and supportive care

25
Most bunyaviruses are ____
Arboviruses
26
What is the pathogenesis pattern of bunyaviruses?
Initial and secondary viremia
27
What virus causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)?
Hantavirus
28
What are the most characteristic clinical features of hantavirus?
Fevers, back pain, red eyes, hypotension, acute shock, acute kidney failure
29
What ophthalmic sign may be seen in Hantavirus?
Conjunctival hemorrhage
30
Hantavirus infection damages the contacts between ____ cells
Endothelial cells
31
What is the treatment for Hantavirus?
Supportive
32
What is the geographical distribution of Dengue fever virus?
Southeast Asia, Western Pacific, Africa
33
What is the incubation period for Dengue fever virus?
8-10 days
34
How many serotypes are there of Dengue virus?
Four
35
What virus is called 'break-bone fever'?
Dengue fever virus
36
What are the main clinical features of dengue fever?
Thrombocytopenia, retro-orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia
37
What potentially fatal complication of Dengue fever is characterized by high fever and hemorrhage?
Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
38
Subsequent infection with a different serotype of Dengue fever virus can lead to ____
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE)
39
What virus shares a vector with Dengue fever and can present with similar symptoms?
Chikungunya
40
How is Dengue fever treated?
Supportive care
41
What is the geographical pattern of Yellow fever virus?
South America and Africa
42
What type of yellow fever follows a transmission cycle of monkeys --> mosquitos --> humans?
Sylvatic (Jungle) yellow fever
43
What type of yellow fever is from travelers from rural areas that introduce the virus into urban areas?
Urban yellow fever
44
Myalgia (predominantly back pain), vomiting, and epistaxis are clinical features of what VHF?
Yellow fever virus
45
What flavivirus that causes VHF has a live, attenuated vaccine available?
Yellow fever virus
46
What viruses replicate in endothelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, etc?
Marburg and Ebola
47
Replication in Ebola and Marburg leads to ____
Cytokine storm
48
Sudden onset of flu-like symptoms, conjunctival hemorrhage, and unexplained bruising are clinical features of what virus?
Ebola/Marburg
49
What vector transmits Dengue virus, Yellow Fever virus, Chikungunya virus, and Zika virus?
Aedes aegypti mosquito

PPOM1 Block 4 (44 decks)

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