Lecture 174

Question 1

What does the epidermis originate from?

Answer 1

Ectoderm

Question 2

What is the epidermis attached to?

Answer 2

Basement membrane

Question 3

What type of cells is the epidermis made of?

Answer 3

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 4

What does the dermis originate from?

Answer 4

Mesoderm

Question 5

What is the dermis composed of?

Answer 5

Dense connective tissue

Question 6

What is the hypodermis composed of?

Answer 6

Connective tissue septa and adipose tissue

Question 7

What layer of the epidermis is lacking in thin skin?

Answer 7

Stratum lucidum

Question 8

Where is thick skin found?

Answer 8

Hands and soles of feet

Question 9

What is the predominate cell type of the epidermis?

Answer 9

Keratinocytes

Question 10

What layer of the epidermis do keratinocytes originate from?

Answer 10

Stratum Basale

Question 11

What layer of the epidermis is composed of a single layer of cuboidal to low columnar cells resting on the basement membrane?

Answer 11

Stratum Basale

Question 12

The stratum Basale is attached to the basement membrane via ____

Answer 12

Hemidesmosomes

Question 13

What layer of the epidermis is composed of irregular, polyhedral keratinocytes?

Answer 13

Stratum spinosum

Question 14

What layer of the epidermis is characterized by intercellular bridges or ‘spines’?

Answer 14

Stratum spinosum

Question 15

What layer of the epidermis is composed of 3-5 layers of flattened, diamond-shaped keratinocytes?

Answer 15

Stratum granulosum

Question 16

What epidermal layer do lamellar bodies release their lipid content into?

Answer 16

Stratum granulosum

Question 17

What epidermal layer is a thin, translucent layer visible only in thick skin?

Answer 17

Stratum lucidum

Question 18

What epidermal layer is composed of flattened, eosinophilic cells that have lost their nuclei and organelles?

Answer 18

Stratum lucidum

Question 19

What layer of the epidermis is composed of multiple layers of dead, flattened, anucleated keratinocytes?

Answer 19

Stratum corneum

Question 20

What is the origin of melanocytes?

Answer 20

Neural crest cells

Question 21

Where are melanocytes primarily located?

Answer 21

Stratum Basale

Question 22

Where are Langerhans cells primarily located?

Answer 22

Stratum spinosum

Question 23

What is the origin of Langerhans cells?

Answer 23

Mesenchymal

Question 24

What is the function of Langerhans cells?

Answer 24

APCs of the epidermis

Question 25

What epidermal cells display characteristic Birbeck granules?

Answer 25

Langerhans cells

Question 26

Where are Merkel cells located?

Answer 26

Stratum Basale

Question 27

What is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by accelerated keratinocyte proliferation and maturation?

Answer 27

Psoriasis

Question 28

What is the inheritance pattern of albinism?

Answer 28

Autosomal recessive

Question 29

Albinism is caused by a genetic lack of melanin pigment production due to _____

Answer 29

Enzyme deficiency

Question 30

What is autoimmune destruction of melanocytes?

Answer 30

Vitiligo

Question 31

What separates the stratum Basale from the papillary dermis?

Answer 31

Basement membrane

Question 32

What attachment mechanism anchors basal keratinocytes to the underlying basement membrane?

Answer 32

Hemidesmosomes

Question 33

What attachment mechanism is composed of loops of Type VII collagen extending from the basement membrane down into the papillary dermis?

Answer 33

Anchoring filaments/fibrils

Question 34

What dermal layer is superficial and lies directly beneath the epidermis?

Answer 34

Papillary layer

Question 35

What dermal layer forms dermal papillae?

Answer 35

Papillary layer

Question 36

What are projections that interdigitate with epidermal ridges, increasing surface area for adhesion and nutrient exchange?

Answer 36

Dermal papillae

Question 37

What dermal layer is continuous with the hypodermis?

Answer 37

Reticular layer

Question 38

What dermal layer contains thick bundles of Type I collagen fibers arranged in a network?

Answer 38

Reticular layer

Question 39

What major plexus is located at the dermis-hypodermis junction?

Answer 39

Cutaneous plexus

Question 40

What major plexus is located beneath the papillary layer?

Answer 40

Subpapillary plexus

Question 41

What is the predominant orientation of collagen fiber bundles in the reticular dermis?

Answer 41

Langer lines

Question 42

Where are subcutaneous injections placed?

Answer 42

Hypodermis