Lecture 179

Question 1

A rash that appears abruptly and affects several areas of the skin simultaneously

Answer 1

Exanthem

Question 2

A rash that appears abruptly on the mucous membranes

Answer 2

Enanthem

Question 3

Resembling a measles rash, characterized by erythematous macules and papules

Answer 3

Morbilliform

Question 4

What is the causative agent of erythema infectiosum?

Answer 4

Parvovirus B19

Question 5

Erythema infectiosum, AKA

Answer 5

Fifth disease

Question 6

The prodrome of erythema infectiosum appears how many days before the rash?

Answer 6

2-5 days

Question 7

What viral exanthem has a prodrome of mild ‘flu-like’ illness, including fever, malaise, myalgia, headache, coryza, diarrhea, and abdominal pain?

Answer 7

Erythema infectiosum

Question 8

Macular erythema on the cheeks (‘slapped cheeks’) for 2-4 days, sparing the nasal perioral and periorbital areas, developing to a pruritic reticular rash symmetrically on the trunk and extremities

Answer 8

Erythema infectiosum

Question 9

Symmetric small joint polyarthropathy is a clinical presentation of what virus that also causes a viral exanthem?

Answer 9

Parvovirus B19

Question 10

Transient aplastic crisis is a clinical presentation of what virus that also causes a viral exanthem?

Answer 10

Parvovirus B19

Question 11

Patients that are immunosuppressed or HIV-infected patients with Parvovirus B19 may present with what other clinical presentation?

Answer 11

Chronic anemia

Question 12

Parvovirus B19 in pregnant women can present with what clinical presentation?

Answer 12

Hydrops fetalis (abnormal fluid accumulation)

Question 13

Papular-purpuric gloves-and-socks syndrome (PPGSS) is a clinical presentation of what virus that also causes a classic viral exanthem?

Answer 13

Parvovirus B19

Question 14

Itching, burning, and a bright red papular exanthem on the hands and feet with a sharp border

Answer 14

Papular-purpuric gloves-and-socks syndrome from parvovirus B19

Question 15

What is the most common causative agent of roseola?

Answer 15

Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6)

Question 16

3 day high fever with a maculopapular rash that appears as the fever resolves, beginning on the trunk and spreading centrifugally to the extremities, neck, and face

Answer 16

Roseola

Question 17

Roseola can cause what life-threatening complications in immunocompromised patients?

Answer 17

Meningitis and encephalitis

Question 18

Where is lymphadenopathy commonly found in rubella?

Answer 18

Posterior auricular and occipital lymph nodes

Question 19

What viral exanthem includes a fine, erythematous, maculopapular rash that starts on the face and becomes generalized within 24 hours, and sometimes includes Forscheimer spots?

Answer 19

Rubella

Question 20

Petechiae on the soft palate, associated with rubella

Answer 20

Forscheimer spots

Question 21

What causes dermal erythropoiesis (‘blueberry muffin’ rash)?

Answer 21

Blood cell formation in the skin

Question 22

Dermal erythropoiesis is associated with that congenital syndrome?

Answer 22

Congenital rubella syndrome

Question 23

What virus causes a congenital syndrome leading to cataracts, retinopathy, glaucoma, sensorineural hearing loss, patent ductus arteriosus, and pulmonic stenosis?

Answer 23

Rubella

Question 24

What is the dose schedule for MMR?

Answer 24

First at 12-15 months, second at 4-6 years

Question 25

Measles is infectious from ____ days before to ____ days after the onset of rash

Answer 25

4 days before to 4 days after

Question 26

What viral infection has a 2-3 day prodrome of high-grade fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, and Koplick spots?

Answer 26

Measles

Question 27

Exanthem that appears 1-2 days after beginning of prodrome, starting as erythematosus, nonpruritic macules/papules on the face and spreading to the trunk and extremities with 2-3 days, including palms and soles

Answer 27

Measles

Question 28

Small white spots on the buccal mucosa/inner cheeks associated with a viral infection

Answer 28

Koplick spots

Question 29

How is measles treated?

Answer 29

Vitamin A

Question 30

IVIG and vaccination within 72 hours of exposure can be used for prophylaxis of what viral infection?

Answer 30

Measles

Question 31

What is the most common cause of death from measles in young children?

Answer 31

Pneumonia

Question 32

Rare, late complication of measles where the virus remains latent in the CNS and reactivates 7-10 years later

Answer 32

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

Question 33

How long have fever does a rash develop in chickenpox?

Answer 33

2 days

Question 34

Very pruritic erythematous rash that usually begins on the trunk and scalp and then spread peripherally to all extremities

Answer 34

Chickenpox

Question 35

The presence of lesion in various stages of development simultaneously is an indication of what viral infection?

Answer 35

Chickenpox

Question 36

What class of viruses commonly cause hand, foot, and mouth disease?

Answer 36

Enteroviruses, commonly Coxsackie virus

Question 37

Painful, erythematous macules and vesicles in the mouth that commonly rupture to form superficial ulcers with a gray-yellow base and erythematous rim describes what viral enanthem?

Answer 37

Hand, foot, and mouth disease

Question 38

Non-pruritic, nontender, macules, papules, and cloudy vesicles with an erythematous base on the hands, feet, buttocks, and extremities

Answer 38

Hand, foot, and mouth disease

Question 39

Primary HSV-1 infection in children often presents as ____

Answer 39

Gingivostomatitis

Question 40

HSV infection of the finger

Answer 40

Herpetic whitlow

Question 41

HSV infection of the face, neck, and arms, common in wrestlers

Answer 41

Herpetic gladiatorum

Question 42

Secondary HSV infection in individuals with a history of atopic dermatitis

Answer 42

Eczema herpeticum

Question 43

Erythematous papules appearing within 24 hours, progressing to vesicles or bullae within 48 hours, then pustules by 96 hours, and then crusts within 7-10 days

Answer 43

Shingles

Question 44

Shingles involvement of the geniculate ganglion and CN VIII, prodromal triad of ipsilateral paralysis, ear pain, and vesicles in the auditory canal

Answer 44

Ramsey Hunt Syndrome

Question 45

Shingles involvement of the ophthalmic division of CN V, prodrome of headache, malaise, and fever

Answer 45

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus

Question 46

What is the preferred herpes zoster vaccine for prevention of shingles?

Answer 46

Recombinant Zoster Vaccine (RZV)

Question 47

Initially beginning as an isolated, oval, scaly pink patch, then development of a generalized eruption of pruritic, scaly, erythematous plaques over 1-2 weeks in a 'Christmas tree' pattern on the back and trunk

Answer 47

Pityriasis rosea

Question 48

Discrete, flesh-colored, dome-shaped papules with central umbilication, commonly on the trunk, extremities, and face

Answer 48

Molluscum contagiosum

Question 49

How long does molluscum contagiosum take to resolve?

Answer 49

2-24 months

Question 50

1-5 day prodrome of fever, chills, and myalgias, rash 1-3 days after beginning of fever, starting on the face and extremities with centripetal spread and a 14 day progression of lesions

Answer 50

Monkeypox

Question 51

Lesions in any one area of the body are typically at the same stage of development and progress simultaneously is a key feature of what viral infection, differentiating it from chickenpox?

Answer 51

Monkeypox

Question 52

What antiviral can be used to treat monkeypox that was originally developed for smallpox?

Answer 52

Tecovirimat

Question 53

What monkeypox vaccine is made from a highly-attenuated, non-replicating vaccinia virus?

Answer 53

Modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)

Question 54

What monkeypox vaccine is a replication-competent smallpox vaccine?

Answer 54

ACAM2000