Flashcards in Lectures 27/28 - Plants Deck (67)
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1
_____ and plants share a common ancestor
charophytes
2
What are 5 characteristics that separate plants from charophytes?
1. alternation of generations
2. multicellular, dependent embryos
3. Walled spores in sporangia
4. multicellular gametangia
5. apical meristems (grows up)
3
Why are plants called embrophytes?
-dependent embryos housed within parent gamenophyte
4
What makes spores so special?
they have sporinpollenin
5
What are the 2 types of vascular tissue?
1. xylem
2. phloem
6
What is xylem made of?
-traechied cells
7
What is sporinpollenin?
prevents exposed zygotes from drying out
8
What are lignin?
-strengthen water conducting cells like xylem
-provide structural support
9
What do xylem transport?
water + minerals
10
What do Phloem transport?
sugars, amino acids, organic material
11
What are the 2 types of leaves?
1. microphylls
2. megaphylls
12
What are microphylls?
leaves with a single vein
13
What are megaphylls?
leaves with a highly branched vascular system
14
Are gametophytes haploid or diploid?
haploid
15
What are 2 other features in vascular plants not found in other plants
1. leaves
2. roots
16
Gametophytes produce _____ gametes by _____
haploid, mitosis
17
are sporophytes diploid or haploid?
diploid
18
Sporophytes produce ____ _____ by ______
haploid, spores, meiosis
19
What are heterosporous plants?
-produce megaspores that become female gametophytes
-microspores that become male gametophytes
20
What are homosporous plants?
produce bisexual gametopytes
21
What are the 3 phyla of seedless nonvascular plants?
1. hepatophyta (Liverworts)
2. anthocerophyta (Hornworts)
3. brophyta (mosses)
22
What is the ecological importance of Peat moss?
can be used as source of fuel
23
How are seedless vascular plants grouped?
part of a grade
24
What is a grade?
based off similar characteristics rather than common ancestor
25
What are the 2 phyla of seedless vascular plants?
1. Lycophytes (club mosses)
2. Monilophytes (ferns)
26
What is the ecological importance of seedless vascular plants?
-caused global cooling during carboniferous
-formed coal deposits
27
What is an integument?
-2n
-protective layer for the seed
28
How many integuments in gymnosperms? angiosperms?
2,3
29
What is a megaspore?
-1n
-larger (female?) spore
30
