Lecture 25 - protists II (SI)

Question 1

Alveolates

Answer 1

• unicellular with subcellular cavities

- classified with molecular systematics

Question 2

Alveolates subgroups

Answer 2

1. Dinoflagellates
2. Apicomplexans
3. Ciliates

Question 3

Rhizaria

Answer 3

Use pseudopodia to move and feed

Question 4

Rhizaria subgroups

Answer 4

1. Radiolarians
2. Forams
3. Heliozoa

Question 5

Stramenopiles

Answer 5

• fine hairlike projections on the flagella (mostly in reproductive cells)
• both heterotrophs and autotrophs in this group

Question 6

Stramenopiles subgroups

Answer 6

1. Oomycetes
2. Brown algae
3. Diatoms
4. Golden algae
5. Heterokonts

Question 7

Archaeplastida

Answer 7

-contains land plants, their ancestors, and relatives

Question 8

Archaeplastida subgroups

Answer 8

1. Charophytes
2. Rhodophyta
3. Chlorophytes

Question 9

Amoebozoans of Unikont

Answer 9

Bridge between unicellular and multicellular

Question 10

Amoebozoans of Unikont subgroups

Answer 10

1. Slime molds
2. Rhizopods
3. Cellular slime molds

Question 11

Opisthokonts of Unikonts

Answer 11

Group that connects protists with animals

Question 12

Opisthokonts of Unikonts

Answer 12

1. Choanoflagellates

Question 13

What are cilia used for in ciliates?

Answer 13

feeding and motion

Question 14

Micro vs Macro nuclei in ciliates

Answer 14

micro (used for reproduction)

macro (used for day to day function and metabolism)

Question 15

What happens during reproduction of Ciliates?

Answer 15

-micronuclei swapped between two ciliates
-fuse together after conjugation
-mitosis to produce new macro-nucleus, binary fission, 4 daughter cells
E

Question 16

What is an example of Ciliates

Answer 16

paramecium

Question 17

What are 4 characteristics of Diatoms?

Answer 17

1. unicelluular
2. asexual division with sexual phase (size issue)
3. wall made silica
4. responsible for 50% of photosynthesis in ocean

Question 18

What is the shoebox concept?

Answer 18

asexual smaller part of the cell reproduces and makes second copy of the smaller size

Question 19

Where are brown algae common?

Answer 19

temperate waters with lots of nutrients

Question 20

What do brown algae create?

Answer 20

kelp forests using floats to raise blades to surface

Question 21

Are brown algae uni or multicellular?

Answer 21

unicellular

Question 22

How do brown algae reproduce?

Answer 22

alterations by generations

Question 23

examples of brown algae

Answer 23

• bull kelp

- giant kelp

Question 24

3 characteristics of golden algae

Answer 24

1. biflagellate
2. some are mixotrophic
3. unicellular (mostly

Question 25

4 characteristics of Forams

Answer 25

1. multi-chamber, porous shells made of calcium CaCO3 2. abundant in plankton 3. fossilize easiliy 4. for symbiosis with algae

Question 26

2 characteristics of Heliozoa

Answer 26

1. fused siliceous or chitinous plates | 2. live in freshwater

Question 27

3 characteristics of Radiolarian

Answer 27

1. mostly actinpods 2. have pseudopodia that extend out of pores 3. siliceous skeletons accumulate in ocean floor

Question 28

3 characteristics of Oomecytes

Answer 28

1. extensive SA 2. fine network of coenocytic hyphae 3. water molds, white rusts, downy mildews

Question 29

3 characteristics of Rhizopoda

Answer 29

1. pseudopodia to feed + move 2. free living heterotrophs 3. Entamoeba histolytica, causes amoeboid dysentery

Question 30

What are Mycentozoa

Answer 30

slime molds or fungus animals

Question 31

3 characterisitics of Mycentozoa

Answer 31

1. bridge gap between unicellularity + multicellularity 2. plasmodial slime molds 3. cellular slime mold

Question 32

What does a cellular slime mold form when food is scarce?

Answer 32

slug

Question 33

What is the primary life stage of cellular slime mold?

Answer 33

haploid

Question 34

4 characteristics of Rhodophyta

Answer 34

1. No flagellated stage 2. red color = phycoerythrin 3. most common seaweeds in warm coastal waters of tropical oceans 4. formed by endosymbiosis

Question 35

What are 2 species of green algae?

Answer 35

1. chlorophytes | 2. charophytes

Question 36

What are the 3 forms of green algae

Answer 36

1. colonies of individual cells (volvox) 2. multinucleate filaments (Caulerpa) 3. formation of true multicellular forms by cell division/differentiation (Ulva)

Question 37

2 characteristics of Choanoflagellates

Answer 37

1. link to sponges | 2. exist as single cells or huge colonies