Lecture 33 - Vertebrates I Flashcards
(17 cards)
what are amniotes?
group of tetrapods whose living members are the reptiles (including birds + mammals)
what are 3 terrestrial adaptations?
- Relatively impermeable skin
- Rib cage allows for ventilation
- Point of attachment to expand and collapse lungs - Amniotic egg
3 key characteristics of the amniotic egg
- Evolved shelled egg that retains water, laid in dry place
- Bird eggs calcareous shells (inflexible)
- Reptile eggs leathery eggs (flexible)
What is a key feature of the amniotic egg?
Extraembryonic membranes
What are 3 functions of extraembryonic membranes?
- gas exchange
- waste storage
- transfer of stored nutrients to embryo
Reptilia (body 2)
- Rib cage ventilation,
2. waterproof keratin scales
Reptilia (heat source)
- ectothermic (all reptiles aside from birds)
- endothermic (birds)
Reptilia
tuataras, lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodilians
2 sublcasses of Reptilia?
- parareptiles
2. diapsids
2 characteristics of parareptiles
- EXTINCT; first major group to emerge
- Serve as start of reptilian class
- Large, stocky, quadrupedal herbivores
what are the 2 major lineages of diaspids?
- lepidosaur
2. archosaur
lepidosaur (EX)
tuataras, lizards, snakes
3 characteristics of lepidosuars
- loose jaw
- venom
- chemical + heat sensors
archosaurs (EX)
turtles, crocodilians, pterosaurs, dinosaurscretaceous mass extinction, birds
9 characteristics of bird/archosaurs
- wings
- one ovary
- loss of teeth gizzard
- endothermic
- large brain
- lack of urinary bladder
- small gonads
- hollow bonds
- 4 chambered heart
______ are most numerous/diverse reptiles apart form birds
squamates
Class Mammalia evolution
evolved from synapsid ancestors
