M's in Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

major depressive disorder

A

a mood disorder in which a person experiences 2 or more weeks with 5 or more symptoms, at least one of which much be either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure

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2
Q

mania

A

a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state

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3
Q

manifest content

A

the remembered story line of a dream

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4
Q

maturation

A

biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience

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5
Q

medical model

A

the concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and cured.

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6
Q

medulla

A

the base of the brain stem; controls heartbeat and breathing

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7
Q

memory

A

the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of info

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8
Q

menarche

A

the first menstrual period

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9
Q

menopause

A

the time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to the biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines

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10
Q

mental age

A

a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age hat most typically corresponds to a given level of performance.

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11
Q

mental set

A

a tendency to approach a problem in one particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past

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12
Q

mere exposure effect

A

the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them

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13
Q

meta-analysis

A

a procedure for statically combining the results of many different research studies

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14
Q

methamphetamine

A

a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels

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15
Q

middle ear

A

the chamber between the eardrum and the cochlea containing 3 tiny bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea’s oval window

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16
Q

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

A

the most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests. originally developed to identify emotional disorders

17
Q

mirror neurons

A

frontal lobe neurons that fire when performing certain actions or when observing another doing so. may enable imitation and empathy

18
Q

mirror-image perceptions

A

mutual views often held by conflicting people

19
Q

misinformation effect

A

incorporating misleading info into one’s memory of an event

20
Q

mnemonics

A

memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices

21
Q

modeling

A

the process of observing and imitating a specific behavior

22
Q

molecular genetics

A

the subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes

23
Q

monocular cues

A

depth ques, such as interposition and linear perspective, available to either eye alone

24
Q

mood disorders

A

psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes

25
Q

mood-congruent memory

A

the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one’s current good or bad mood

26
Q

morpheme

A

the smallest until that carries a meaning, may be a word or part of a word

27
Q

motivation

A

a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

28
Q

motor cortex

A

an area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements

29
Q

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

A

a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of soft tissue; show brain anatomy

30
Q

mutation

A

a random error in gene replication that leads to a change

31
Q

myelin sheath

A

a fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of some neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop from one node to the next