Module 10 Pt 2: Heart/Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Name the route the blood takes from the right side of the heart to the lungs, back to the left side of the heart

Answer 1

Pulmonary Circuit

Question 2

_______ circuit picks up oxygen from the lungs & drops off carbon dioxide from the blood

Answer 2

Pulmonary

Question 3

Name the route the blood takes from the left side of the heart to the tissues of the body back to the right side of the heart

Answer 3

Systemic Circuit

Question 4

_____ circuit delivers oxygen to tissues & picks up carbon dioxide

Answer 4

Systemic

Question 5

Heart has a double-layered covering called

Answer 5

pericardium

Question 6

Parietal pericardium

Answer 6

Outer layer

Question 7

Visceral pericardium

Answer 7

Inner layer

Question 8

Pericardial Cavity

Answer 8

space between parietal and visceral layers

Question 9

Name the 3 layers of the heart’s wall

Answer 9

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

Question 10

Epicardium consists of

Answer 10

epithelium & areolar tissue

Question 11

Myocardium consists of

Answer 11

cardiac muscle; thickest layer & performance layer

Question 12

Endocardium

Answer 12

epithelium & areolar tissue; lines heart chambers

Question 13

The heart is composed of four chambers & four valves. The two upper chambers are called

Answer 13

Atria

Question 14

The right ____ receives _______ blood from the body & delivers it to the right ______below.

Answer 14

atrium; deoxygenated; ventricle

Question 15

The left _____receives ______ blood from the lungs & delivers it to the left ______ below.

Answer 15

atrium; oxygenated; ventricle

Question 16

Attached extensions in the atrium that increase capacity of the atria

Answer 16

auricle

Question 17

Right & Left atria are separated from each other by a wall of tissue called

Answer 17

interatrial septum

Question 18

Two lower chambers of heart chamber are called

Answer 18

Ventricles

Question 19

The right ______ receives _______ blood from the right ______ and delivers it toward the lungs.

Answer 19

Ventricle; Deoxygenated; Atrium

Question 20

The left _____ receives _______ blood from the left ______ and delivers it to the body.

Answer 20

Ventricle; Oxygenated; Atrium

Question 21

The right & left ventricles are separated by a wall of tissue called

Answer 21

interventricular septum

Question 22

_____ ensures blood can’t flow backward

Answer 22

Valves

Question 23

Name the two Atrioventricular Valves located between the atria and ventricles. Specify location.

Answer 23

Tricuspid Valve in the Right side of heart

Bicuspid Valve in the Left side of heart

Question 24

Name the two valves located between the ventricles & their respective exiting blood vessels

Answer 24

Semilunar Valve

Question 25

Name the Semilunar valve located between the right ventricle & the pulmonary trunk

Answer 25

Pulmonary Valve

Question 26

Name the Semilunar valve located between the left ventricle & the aorta

Answer 26

Aortic valve

Question 27

Large vein that brings deoxygenated blood that has delivered oxygen & picked up carbon dioxide from the head, neck, arm, chest regions back to the right atrium

Answer 27

Superior Vena Cava

Question 28

Large vein that brings deoxygenated blood that had delivered oxygen & picked up carbon dioxide from the lower regions of the body back to the right atrium

Answer 28

Inferior Vena Cava

Question 29

Large artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle toward the lungs

Answer 29

Pulmonary Trunk

Question 30

The pulmonary trunk splits into

Answer 30

left & right pulmonary artery

Question 31

After carbon dioxide is dropped off & new oxygen is picked up at the lungs, it returns to the _____ _____ via the left or right _______ _____.

Answer 31

left atrium; pulmonary veins

Question 32

Name the large artery that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle out to be delivered to the tissues

Answer 32

Aorta

Question 33

Cells of the cardiac muscle are called

Answer 33

Cardiocytes

Question 34

Cardiocytes structure & fxn

Answer 34

striated and involuntary; use myosin & actin to contract rely in aerobic respiration for ATP production

Question 35

Cardiocytes are connected to each other by

Answer 35

Intercalated discs

Question 36

intercalated disc fxn

Answer 36

allow myocardium of atria & ventricles to contract at the same time

Question 37

Cardiac conduction system Fxn

Answer 37

- provides electrical stimulation for contraction - composed of specialized cardiocytes that generate electrical signals - Autorhythmic

Question 38

Cardiac conduction system structures (S.A.A.B.P)

Answer 38

``` SA Node AV Node AV Bundle Bundle branches Purkinje Fibers ```

Question 39

Sino Atrial Node: Structure, Fxn, Location

Answer 39

specialized cardiocytes; aka pacemaker initiates action potential resulting in heart beats in upper right corner of right atria

Question 40

What is known as the pacemaker of the heart?

Answer 40

SA Node

Question 41

Due to _____ _____ the SA Node signal travels rapidly through the entire myocardium of the atria

Answer 41

Intercalated discs

Question 42

Atrial Ventricular Node: Location & Fxn

Answer 42

- in left lower portion of right atrium | - contains autorhythmic cells but responds to signals and pace of the SA Node

Question 43

When the ___ ____ is stimulated it signals the ____ ____, which sends a second signal toward the ventricles

Answer 43

SA Node; AV Node

Question 44

AV Bundle: Structure & Location

Answer 44

- nerve-like collection of cardiocytes, | - located off the AV Node & descends within the interventricular septum

Question 45

Name the structure of 2 cardiocyte collections that branch off the AV Bundle to right and left; which carry the signal through to the rest of the interventricular septum and then to the apex of the heart

Answer 45

Bundle Branches

Question 46

Name the small, nerve-like branches of the Bundle Branches that extend up through the walls of the ventricles

Answer 46

Purkinje Fibers

Question 47

Purkinje Fibers Fxn

Answer 47

distribute delayed AV Node signal to the ventricular myocardium

Question 48

Systole

Answer 48

contraction phase of a heart chamber

Question 49

Diastole

Answer 49

relaxation phase of the heart chamber

Question 50

Name the 3 EKG fluctuations in electrical activity

Answer 50

P wave QRS Complex T Wave

Question 51

P wave

Answer 51

produced when SA Node sends signal to atria, causing depolarization resulting in atrial contraction (systole)

Question 52

P Wave is produced during

Answer 52

Atrial contraction (systole)

Question 53

Signal from AV Node spread through ventricles causing depolarization resulting in contraction (systole) at the same time the atria is repolarizing & relaxing (diastole) is referred to as

Answer 53

QRS Complex

Question 54

T Wave

Answer 54

generated by repolarization & relaxation of ventricles (diastole)