Module 7: Joints

Question 1

Define Joint

Answer 1

any point where two bones meet or interact; aka articulations

Question 2

Name the 4 classes of joints

Answer 2

Bony
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Question 3

Bony Joints

Answer 3

occur when 2 bones fuse & become one bone

Question 4

Range of motion allowed at a bony joint, the term used is _______ which means no movement occurs between bones

Answer 4

Synostosis

Question 5

Synostosis is seen in what specific bones

Answer 5

Mandible & Frontal bone

Question 6

Fibrous Joint

Answer 6

bound by collagen fibers; allow for very little movement aka Synarthrosis

Question 7

Define Synarthrosis & type of joint where this occurs

Answer 7

very little movement occurs; seen in Fibrous joints

Question 8

Name the 3 types of Fibrous Joints

Answer 8

Suture, Gomphosis, Syndesmosis

Question 9

Suture

Answer 9

Fibrous joint between cranial bones

Question 10

Gomphosis

Answer 10

Fibrous joint between tooth and mandible or maxilla

Question 11

Syndesmosis

Answer 11

longer fibers allow for slightly more movement; fibers that hold two bones next to each other (ex/ ulna & radius)

Question 12

Cartilaginous Joint

Answer 12

bones linked by cartilage; provides moderate movement aka amphiarthrosis

Question 13

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 13

moderate movement of a joint; seen in Cartilaginous joints

Question 14

Name the two types of Cartilaginous Joints

Answer 14

Synchondrosis & Symphysis

Question 15

Synchondrosis

Answer 15

Cartilaginous Joint; bound by Hyaline cartilage

ex/ joints in children between diaphysis & epiphysis

Question 16

Symphsis

Answer 16

bones bound by fibrocartilage

ex/ pubis symphysis & intervertebral discs

Question 17

Synovial Joints

Answer 17

fluid-filled cavity that connects bones; freely moveable aka diarthrosis

Question 18

Diarthrosis

Answer 18

freely moveable; seen in Synovial joints

Question 19

In Synovial Joints the space between the bones is called

Answer 19

Joint cavity

Question 20

Joint cavity is filled with what?

Answer 20

Synovial Fluid

Question 21

Synovial Fluid fxn

Answer 21

lubricates the joint and reduces friction

Question 22

The synovial joint cavity is surrounded by a

Answer 22

Joint Capsule

Question 23

Joint capsule includes:

Answer 23

• outer fibrous capsule - helps hold joint together & retain fluid
• inner synovial membrane - produces synovial fluid
• Articular cartilage (hyaline) on both surfaces to reduce friction

Question 24

Tendons: Type of joint & attachment

Answer 24

occur at synovial joints; attach muscles to bone

Question 25

Ligaments: Type of joint & attachment

Answer 25

Occur at Synovial Joints; attach bone to bone

Question 26

Bursa: Type of joint, Structure & function

Answer 26

- Occur at synovial joints - fibrous sacs filled with synovial fluid - cushion bones and allow tendons to slide easily over bones

Question 27

Articular Disc: Type of joint, Structure, Fxn & Example

Answer 27

- Occur at Synovial Joint - fibrocartilage - create areas of synovial fluid - ends of clavicle; Temporomandibular joint; between ulna & carpals

Question 28

Meniscus: Type of joint, structure, fxn

Answer 28

- occur at synovial joint - fibrocartilage pad - covers parts of tibia in knee joint to absorb extra force

Question 29

Multiaxial Synovial Joints

Answer 29

can move in three axes or planes

Question 30

Biaxial Synovial Joints

Answer 30

can move in two axes or planes

Question 31

Monaxial Synovial Joints

Answer 31

can move in one axis or plane

Question 32

Name the 6 forms of synovial joints (P.C.P.S.H.B)

Answer 32

Plane, Condylar, Pivot, Saddle, Hinge, Ball & Socket

Question 33

Name the type of Axis a Ball & Socket joint can operate & an Example

Answer 33

Multiaxial; Hip & shoulder

Question 34

Name the type of Axis a Condylar joint can operate & an Example

Answer 34

Biaxial; between metacarpals & phalanges

Question 35

Name the type of Axis a Saddle joint can operate & an Example

Answer 35

Biaxial; between trapezoid & 1st metacarpal of thumb

Question 36

Name the type of Axis a Plane joint can operate & an Example

Answer 36

Biaxial; carpals & tarsals

Question 37

Name the type of Axis a Hinge joint can operate & an Example

Answer 37

Monaxial; elbow & knee

Question 38

Name the type of Axis a Pivot joint can operate & an Example

Answer 38

Monaxial; head of radius

Question 39

Name the joint terms of movement in order from from no movement to the most movement.

Answer 39

Synostoses Synarthroses Amphiarthroses Diarthroses