Module 2: Bonding And Structure Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the average bond enthalpy?
The energy required on average to break a bond, can measure the strength of a covalent bond. Uses variety of molecules
What’s a bonding pair?
A pair of outer shell electrons which are apart of bonding
What’s a covalent bond?
A strong bond between 2 atoms due to the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons, two non metals.
What’s a dative covalent bond?
It’s a type of covalent bond in which both electrons in the bond come from one atom.
What’s Electronegativity?
It’s the ability of an atom to attract bonding electrons in a covalent bond. Electronegativity gets increased the closer you go to fluorine (F)
What’s electron pair repulsion theory?
Paris of electrons repel each other, so the shape a molecule has these electrons at equal distances. Lone pairs have more repulsion than bonding pairs as they are closer to the nucleus
What’s hydrogen bonding?
It’s a type of intermolecular bonding between molecules which have O, N or F and a H atom. Lone pair allows for hydrogen bonding.
What’s an ionic compound?
It’s a compound made of opposite charged ions, high melting and boiling points and can conduct electricity when (aq)
What’s an intermolecular force?
Interactions within different molecules. These are permanent dipole - dipole, and induced dipole - dipole, and hydrogen bonding.
What’s an ionic lattice?
A giant structure in which oppositely charged ions are strongly bonded in all directions
What’s London forces?
They are induced dipole - dipole interactions causes by random electron movement which creates a temporary dipole in a single molecule, affecting nearby ones.
What’s a lone pair?
It’s a pair of outer shell electrons which aren’t involved in bonding
What does it mean if something linear?
The shape of a molecule which the main atom has 2 bonding pairs
What’s a non - linear molecule?
It’s the shape of a molecule where the central atom has 2 bonding pairs, and 2 lone pairs.
What’s a permanent dipole?
It’s a permanent and uneven distribution of charge
What are macroscopic properties?
it’s properties of a bulk material which make up the molecules
What does it mean when a molecules octahedral?
The shape of a molecule which the central atom has 6 bonding pairs.
What’s a polar bond?
A covalent bond is a permanent dipole due to different Electronegativites of the atoms
What’s a polar molecule?
It’s a molecule that has polar bonds with dipoles, the dipoles dont cancel out due to being unsymmetrical.
What is the pyramidal shape?
The central atom has 3 bonding pairs and one lone pair.
What’s a tetrahedral shape?
The central atom has 4 bonding pairs.
What a trigonal bipyramidal shape?
The shape in which the central atom has 5 bonding pairs.
What’s a trigonal planar shape?
The shape where the central atom has 3 bonding pairs.
What’s a simple molecular lattice?
A solid structure made of covalent bonding via intermolecular force, low melting and BP points, insoluble in water and dont conduct electricity.
