Module 4: Alcohols Flashcards
(14 cards)
What’s an alcohol?
An organic compound having an OH functional group. Polarity of OH means hydrogen bonds can form, soluble in water as well. They also have low volatility
What’s an aldehyde?
An organic compound which has the CHO functional group. Aldehydes can be formed from oxidation of primary alcohols and Cr2O7/H+ and distilling.
What’s an alkene.
Organic compound containing C=C bond. Alkenes form alcohols via eliminating the H2O and using an acid + catalyst + heat.
What’s a carboxylic acid?
An organic compound with the COOH functional group.
Can be formed by oxidizing primary alcohols using Cr2O7/H+ under reflux.
Whats combustion?
Rapid Exothermic reaction of something with oxygen.
What’s an elimination?
A type of reaction, 2 atoms / groups of atoms are removed from a molecule.
What’s a haloalkane?
An organic compound containing F/Cl/Br/I with an alkyl chain.
They can be formed from alcohols via substitution with halide ions when present with an acid.
What’s a ketone?
Organic compound with C=O functional group in the middle of alkyl chain.
Ketones can be formed by oxidizing a secondary alcohol
Whats oxidation?
The loss of electrons / increase in oxidation number.
Alcohols can be oxidized using Cr2O7 / H+
What’s an oxidizing agent?
A substance that can oxides another species while being reduced.
What’s a polar bond?
A covalent bond with an unequal share of electrons due to uneven Electronegativity. One atoms will be partially positive and the other partially negative.
What’s a primary alcohol?
An alcohol where the OH is attached to a primary carbon atom.
These can be oxidized to form an aldehyde or carboxylic acid.
What’s a secondary alcohol?
An alcohol where the OH is attached to a secondary carbon atom ( like R2CHOH ).
Can be oxidized under reflux with Cr2O7/H+ to form a ketone.
What’s a tertiary alcohol?
An alcohol where the Ozh is attached to a tertiary carbon atom ( like R3COH ).
Cannot be oxidized
