Neoplasia Flashcards
(73 cards)
1
Q
BRC-ABL
A
CML, ALL
GOF in tryosine kinase
2
Q
bcl-2
A
Follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas
GOF in anti-apoptotic molecule
3
Q
BRAF
A
Melanoma
GOF in serine/threonine kinase
4
Q
c-kit
A
GIST
GOF in cytokine receptor for stem cell factor
5
Q
c-myc
A
Burkitt lymphoma
GOF in transcription factor
6
Q
HER2/neu (c-erbB2)
A
Breast, ovarian, gastric carcinomas
GOF in tyrosine kinase
7
Q
L-myc
A
Lung tumor
GOF in transcription factor
8
Q
N-myc
A
Neuroblastoma
GOF in transcription factor
9
Q
ras
A
Colon, lung and pancreatic cancer
GOF in GTPase
10
Q
ret
A
MEN 2A and 2B
GOF in tyrosine kinase
11
Q
APC
A
Colorectal cancer (FAP) (LOF)
12
Q
BRCA1 and BRCA2
A
Breast and Ovarian
LOF in DNA Repair protein
13
Q
CPD4/SMAD4
A
Pancreatic cancer (DPC= deleted in pancreatic cancer)
14
Q
DCC
A
Colon Cancer (DCC= deleted in colon cancer)
15
Q
MEN1
A
MEN type 1
LOF
16
Q
NF1
A
Neurofibromatosis type 1
LOF in RAS GTPase activating protein (neurofibromin)
17
Q
NF2
A
Neurofibromatosis type 2
LOF in Merlin (schwannomin) protein
18
Q
p16
A
Melanoma
LOF in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
19
Q
p53
A
Most cancer (Li-Fraumeni syndrome) (LOF in TF for p21 to prevent block of G1 to S)
20
Q
PTEN
A
Breast, prostate, endometrial cancer
LOF
21
Q
Rb
A
Retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma
LOF in inhibitor of E2F (can’t block G1 to S)
22
Q
TSC1
A
Tuberous sclerosis
LOF in hamartin protein
23
Q
TSC2
A
Tuberous sclerosis
LOF of Tuberin protein
24
Q
VHL
A
von Hippel-Lindau disease
LOF in HIF1a
25
WT1 and WT2
Wilms Tumor (nephroblastoma)
26
What is alkaline phosphate a marker for?
- Mets to bone and liver
- Paget disease of bone
- Seminoma (placental ALP)
27
What is alpha-fetoprotein a marker for?
- HCC
- Hepatoblastoma
- Yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor
- Testicular cancer
- Mixed germ cell tumor (secreted with beta-hCG)
28
What is beta-hCG a marker for?
- Hydatidiform moles and Choriocarcinomas (gestational trophoblastic disease)
- Testicular cancer
- Pregnancy
29
What is CA-15-3/CA-27-29 a marker for?
Breast cancer
30
What is CA-19-9 a marker for?
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
31
What is CA-125 a marker for?
Ovarian cancer
32
What is calcitonin a marker for?
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
33
What is CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) a marker for?
- Nonspecific for 70% colorectal and pancreatic cancers
| - Also produced by gastric, breast and medullary thyroid carcinomas
34
What is PSA a marker for?
- Used to follow prostate adenocarcinoma
| - Can be elevated in BPH and prostatitis
35
What is S-100 a marker for?
-Neural crest origin (melanomas, neural tumors, schwannomas, Langerhans cell histiocytosis)
36
What is TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phsophatase) a marker for?
-Hairy cell leukemia (B-cell neoplasm)
37
EBV associated cancer.
Burkitt lymphoma
Hodgkin lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
CNS lymphoma
38
HBV/HCV associated cancer.
HCC
39
HHV-8 associated cancer.
- Kaposi sarcoma
| - Body cavity fluid B-cell lymphoma
40
HPV (16, 18) associated cancer.
- Cervical and penile/anal carcinoma
| - Head & Neck or throat cancer
41
H. pylori associated cancer
- Gastric adenocarcinoma
| - MALT lymphoma
42
HTLV-1 associated cancer.
-Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
43
Liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis) associated cancer.
Cholangiocarinoma
44
Schistosoma haematobium associated cancer.
Bladder cancer (squamous cell)
45
Aspergillus aflatoxins associated cancer
HCC
46
Alkylating agent associated cancer
Leukemia/lymphoma
47
Aromatic amines (benzidine, 2-naphthylamine) associated cancer
Transitional cell bladder carcinoma
48
Arsenic associated cancer
- Angiosarcoma (liver)
- Lung cancer
- Squamous cell skin cancer
49
Asbestos associated cancer
Bronchogenic carcinoma --> mesothelioma
50
Carbon tetrachloride associated cancer
Centrilobular necrosis; fatty chancer
51
Cigarette smoke associated cancer
- Transitional cell carcinoma of bladder
- Squamous cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of esophagus
- RCC
- Squamous cell carcinoma of larynx
- Squamous/Small cell carcinoma of lung
- Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
52
Ethanol associated cancer
HCC
53
Ionizing radiation associated cancer
Papillary thyroid carcinoma
54
Nitrosamines (smoked foods) associated cancer
Gastric cancer
55
Radon associated cancer
Lung cancer (2nd leading cause after cigarettes)
56
Vinyl chloride associated cancer
Angiosarcoma of liver
57
Cancer with hypercalcemia from increased calcitriol
- Hodgkin lymphoma
| - some non-Hodgkin lymphomas
58
Cancer with Cushing syndrome fro increased ACTH
Small cell lung cancer
59
Cancer with SIADH
- Small cell lung carcinoma
| - Intracranial neoplasms
60
Cancer with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (due to Ab against pre-synaptic Ca2+ channels at NMJ)
Small cell lung carcinoma
61
Cancers with polycythemia
- RCC
- Hemangioblastoma
- HCC
- Leiomyoma
- Pheochromocytoma
62
Cancers with Hypercalcemia from PTHrP release
- Squamous cell lung cancer
- RCC
- Breast cancer
63
Cancers with pasmmoma bodies
- Papillary carcinoma of thyroid
- Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary
- Meningioma
- Malignant mesothelioma
64
Carcinomas that spread hematogenously
- RCC (renal vein)
- HCC (hepatic vein)
- Follicular carcinoma of thyroid
- Choriocarcinoma
65
Brain mets usually from what places?
Lung> breast > GU
66
Liver mets usually from what places?
Colon>> stomach > pancreas
67
Bone mets usually from what places?
Prostate, breast > lung > thyroid
68
Blastic bone mets from where?
PROSTATE
| breast is lytic and blastic
69
Acanthosis nigricans associated cancer
Visceral (stomach) malignancy
70
Actinic keratosis associated cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma (skin)
71
Dermatomyositis associated cancer
Lun cancer
72
Myasthenia gravis associated cancer
Thymoma
73
Tuberous sclerosis associated cancer
Giant cell astrocytoma
Renal angiomyolipoma
Cardiac rhabdomyoma
