MOA of Typical antipsychotics
Block D2 receptors to increase cAMP
Trifluoperazine
high potency typical antipsychotic
Chlorpromazine
low potency typical antipsychotic
Fluoxetine
SSRI
Clozapine
atypical antipsychotic
Paroxetine
SSRI
Haloperidol
high potency typical antipsychotic
Olanzapine
atypical antipsychotic
Fluphenazine
high potency typical antipsychotic
Risperidone
atypical antipsychotic
Thioridazole
low potency typical antipsychotic
Sertraline
SSRI
Quetiapine
atypical antipsychotic
Citalopram
SSRI
Ariprprazole
atypical antipsychotic
Doxepin
TCA
Ziprasidone
atypical antipsychotic
Duloxetine
SNRI
Amoxapine
TCA
Venlafaxine
SNRI
“iptyline” or “ipramine”
TCA
Tx for serotonin syndrome
cyproheptadine (5-HT2 antagonist)
TCA that causes seizures
Desipramine
TCA for elderly
Nortriptyline
TCA that causes antropine-like effects
Amitryptiline
Atypical antidepressant with seizures
Clozapine (also causes agranulocytosis)
Typical antidepressant with corneal deposits
chlorpromazine
Typical antidepressant with retinal deposits
thioridazole
MAOIs
Tranylcypromine
Phenelzine
Isocarboxazid
Selegiline
(all weird looking words)
Seizures in bulemic patinets
bupropion
Atypical antidepessant mnemonic
I DONE PINEing about how atypical I am, so i RIP IP up
Typical antidepressant mnemonic
Typically, good girls with DAZOLing HALOs stay in at night reading magAZINEs
SSRI mnemonic
“FLashbacks PARalize SEnior CITAzins”
MOA: alpha2, 5HT2 and 5HT3 blocker
Mirtazapine (good atypical antidepressant for elderly because causes weight gain)
MOA: alpha1 and 5HT2 blocker
Trazadone (used for insomnia)
Tramadol
mu agonist (weak) SNRI
Gabapentin
Ca channel blocker
Levetriacetam
unknown (may alter GABA/glutamine release)
Tiagabine
inhibit GABA reuptake
VIgabatrin
irreversibly inhibit GABA transaminase
Midazolam
benzo IV anesthetic
Tolcapone
COMT inhibitor (used in PD)
Memantine
NMDA antagonist (for alzheimer’s)
Haloperidol
DA antagonist (for HD)
Tetrabenazine and Reserpine
VMAT blocker (for HD)
Sulfonylureas (name them)
1st gen: tolbutamide, chlorpropamide
2nd gen: glyburide, glimepiride, glipizide
Pramlintide
- Decrease gastric emptying
- Decrease glucagon
GLP-1 analogs
Exenatide and Liraglutide (increase insulin and decrease glucagon release)
Toxicity of GLP-1 analog
can cause pancreatitis
DPP4 inhibitors
“gliptins” (increase insulin and decrease glucagon release)
Demeclocycline MOA
ADH blocker
Direct thrombin inhibitors
Argatroban
Bivalirudin
ADP receptor blockers
Clopidogrel, Ticlopine, Prasugrel
Ticagrecor (only reversible one)
Cilustazol and dipyridamole MOA
- Phosphodiesterase III inhibitor
- Increase cAMP in platelets (inhibit aggregation)
- Vasodilate
Danazol
partial agonist at androgen receptors to treat endometriosis and hereditary angioedema
Flutamide
nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor of androgens at the testosterone receptor
G2 cell cycle specific cancer drug
bleomycin
Tx for 5-FU overdose
uridine
Cytarabine MOA
Pyrimidine analog
Azathioprine and 6-MP MOA
Purine (thiol) analog
Dactinomycin MOA and use
anti-tumor antibiotic (intercalator) used in childhood tumors (Wilms, Ewing, Rhabdomyosarcoma)
Cyclophosphamide MOA
Covalently X-link interstrand DNA at guanine N-7 (after bioactivation in liver)
Nitrosoureas MOA and use
cross link DNA after bioactivation (can cross BBB for brain tumors)
Bulsufan MOA and use
cross-links DNA (used in CML and ablation of bone marrow)
Cisplatin MOA
cross-links DNA
Hydroxyurea MOA
inhibits ribonucleotide reductase to decrease DNA synthesis (S-phase specific)
Vemurafenib MOA
small molecule inhibitor of forms of B-Raf with V600E mutation (metastatic melanoma)
MOA of Triamterene and Amiloride
K+ sparing diuretics (work to block Na+ channels in CCT)
MOA of spironolactone and eplerenone
Aldo receptor antagonists
Diuretics with hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis
Loops and Thiazides (K loss leads to activation of H/K exchanger–K enters from tubule as H exits AND volume contraction due to increase HCO3- reabsorption from Na/H exchange in PT)
Dihydropyridine CCB
Amlodipine
Nimodipine
Nifedipine
Non-dihydropyridine CCB
Verapamil
DIltiazem
Pregnancy HTN
Methyldopa
Hydralazine
Drugs for HTN emergency
- Nitroprusside (art=ven vasodilator)
- Labetalol (beta and alpha blocker)
- Fenoldopam (D1 agonist to decrease BP and increase naturesis)
- Nicardipine
- Clevidipine
Effect of nitrates on HR
increased (reflex–may want to give beta blocker with it)
Niacin MOA
inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue and reduces hepatic VLDL synthesis
Fibrate MOA
Upregulate LPL to increase TG clearance (activates PPAR-alpha to induce HDL synthesis)
Antiarrhythmic with use dependence
Class Ic (flecanide, propafenone) means that QRS prolongation increases as HR increases
Antiarrhythmic with reverse use dependence
Class III (amiodarone, ibutilide, dofetilide, sotalol) means that the slower the HR the longer the QT prolongation
Antiarrhythmics that cause torsades
Ia and III
Amiodarone tests
PFTs (pulmonary fibrosis), TFTs (thyroid toxicity), LFTs (hepatic toxicity)
Adenosine MOA
increase K+ out of cells to hyperpolarize and decrease calcium (used to treat and diagnose SV tach because T1/2 is only 15 seconds)