PART 1. THE STUDY OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Question 1

focuses on the scientific study of the processes of change and stability throughout human life

Answer 1

Human Development

Question 2

human development as a lifelong process; womb to tomb concept

Answer 2

life-span development

Question 3

Domains of Development

Answer 3

Physical development
Cognitive development
Psychosocial development

Question 4

concept that seems natural and obvious to those who accept it but in reality, is an invention of a certain culture or society

Answer 4

social construction

Question 5

8 PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT

Answer 5

Prenatal period
Infancy and Toddlerhood (Birth to 3 years)
Early Childhood (3 to 6 years)
Middle Childhood (6 to 11 years)
Adolescence ( 11 to 20 years)
Emerging and Young Adulthood (20 to 40 years)
Middle Adulthood (40-65 years)
Late Adulthood (over 65 years)

Question 6

a factor that influences development that is described as different characteristics, influences, and developmental outcomes

Answer 6

individual differences

Question 7

inborn traits that affect development

Answer 7

heredity

Question 8

totality of noninherited, experiential influences on development

Answer 8

environment

Question 9

unfolding of natural sequence of physical and behavioral changes

Answer 9

maturation

Question 10

household unit with one or two person as parents and children (biological, adopted, or step)

Answer 10

nuclear family

Question 11

multigenerational kinship network of parents, kids, and other relatives

Answer 11

extended family

Question 12

based on a family’s income and educational background as well as occupational levels of adults in the household

Answer 12

socioeconomic status (SES)

Question 13

condition that increase the chances of a negative developmental outcome

Answer 13

risk factor

Question 14

society’s way of life

Answer 14

culture

Question 15

group that is unified by ancestry, race, religion, language, national origins which contribute to a sense of shared identity

Answer 15

ethnic group

Question 16

overgeneralization that obscures variations

Answer 16

ethnic gloss

Question 17

biological or environmental events which occurs similarly for most people

Answer 17

normative influences

Question 18

biological or environmental events that has a strong correlation with age

Answer 18

normative age-graded influences

Question 19

significant event that shape behavior of a historical generation

Answer 19

normative history-graded influences

Question 20

people which are strongly influenced by a major historical event during their formative period

Answer 20

historical generation

Question 21

group of people born at about the same time

Answer 21

cohort

Question 22

unusual event that happens to someone or a typical event that happens at an unusual time of life

Answer 22

nonnormative influences

Question 23

instinctive form of learning in which a young animal forms an attachment to the first object it sees

Answer 23

imprinting

Question 24

time when a given event or its absence has an impact on development

Answer 24

critical period

Question 25

range of modifiability of performance

Answer 25

plasticity

Question 26

time in development when a person is particularly open to certain kinds of experiences

Answer 26

sensitive periods

Question 27

Who developed the principles of life-span development approach?

Answer 27

Paul B. Baltes and colleagues

Question 28

Principles of Life-span Development Approach

Answer 28

1. Development is lifelong.
2. Development is multidimensional.
3. Development is multidirectional.
4. Relative influences of biology and culture shift over the lifespan.
5. Development involves changing resource allocations.
6. Development shows plasticity.
7. Development is influenced by the historical and cultural context.