PART 13. PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN EMERGING AND YOUNG ADULTHOOD

Question 1

True or False. Sexual maturity and cognitive maturity emerge simultaneously.

Answer 1

False. Sexual maturity arrives in adolescence. But cognitive maturity takes longer.

Question 2

This is the proposed transitional period between adolescence and adulthood commonly found in industrialized countries.

Answer 2

Emerging Adulthood

Question 3

_______ are the most common cause of death.

Answer 3

Accidents

Question 4

At this phase, people generally have good health. But, they usually engage in activities that are risky to the healthy. This is largely due to modern lifestyles.

Answer 4

Emerging and Young Adulthood

Question 5

What style of diet does World Health Organization recommend?

Answer 5

Mideterranean style

Question 6

True or False. Psychological health affects our physical health.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

It is a form of coping wherein we attempt to manage emotions associated with events by refusing to think about it or thinking about it in a positive light. (College-aged women)

Answer 7

Emotion-focused

Question 8

________ coping is the act of addressing an issue head-on and developing action-oriented ways of managing and changing a bad situation.

Answer 8

Problem-focused

Question 9

In college students, family life stress and academic stress results to high levels of ________.

Answer 9

insomnia

Question 10

It is the act of consuming more than 14 drinks a week or 4 drinks on a single day for men, and 7 drinks a week or 3 drinks on any single day for women.

Answer 10

Risky drinking

Question 11

This is an active engagement in a broad range of social relationships, activities, and roles.

Answer 11

Social integration

Question 12

It pertains to the material, informational, and psychological resources derived from the social network, on which a person can rely for help in coping with stress.

Answer 12

Social support

Question 13

This is a chronic disease involving dependence on use of alcohol, causing interference.

Answer 13

Alcoholism

Question 14

True or False. Like adolescence, this stage in life is a sensitive period for onset depressive disorders.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or False. Sub-Sahara Africa is no longer the most affected by HIV, as this disease is found largely across the world already.

Answer 15

False. Sub-Sahara Africa is still the most affected by HIV.

Question 16

It is the disorder producing physical discomfort and emotional tension for up to 2 weeks before a menstrual period.

Answer 16

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Question 17

True or False. PMS and dysmenorrhea or painful menstruation or cramps (younger women) are the same thing.

Answer 17

False. Dysmenorrhea or painful menstruation or cramps (younger women) is different from PMS (30s or older).

Question 18

It is the inability to conceive a baby after 12 months of sexual intercourse without the use of birth control.

Answer 18

Infertility

Question 19

________, according to John Dewey , is active, persistent, and careful consideration of information or beliefs in the light of evidence that supports them and the conclusion to which they lead

Answer 19

Reflective thinking

Question 20

This is the mature type of thinking that relies on subjective experience and intuition as well as logic and allows room for ambiguity, uncertainty, inconsistency, contradiction, imperfection, and compromise.

Answer 20

Postformal thought

Question 21

Schaie’s life-span model of cognitive development shifts from:

Answer 21

• What I need to know
• How to use what I know
• Why I should know

Question 22

Stages of Schaie’s life-span model of cognitive development :

Answer 22

1. Acquisitive stage (childhood and adolescence)
2. Achieving stage (late teens or 20s to early 30s)
3. Responsible stage (late 30s to early 60s)
4. Executive stage (30s or 40s through middle age)
5. Reorganizational stage (end of middle age, beginning of late adulthood)
6. Reintegrative stage (late adulthood)
7. Legacy-creating stage (advanced old age)

Question 23

A stage in Schaie’s life-span model of cognitive development (childhood and adolescence) wherein they acquire information and skills for themselves.

Answer 23

Acquisitive stage (childhood and adolescence)

Question 24

A stage in Schaie’s life-span model of cognitive development (late teens or 20s to early 30s) they use what they know to pursue goals like career and family.

Answer 24

Achieving stage (late teens or 20s to early 30s)

Question 25

A stage in Schaie’s life-span model of cognitive development (late 30s to early 60s) they use their minds to solve practical problems associated with responsibilities to others.

Answer 25

Responsible stage (late 30s to early 60s)

Question 26

A stage in Schaie’s life-span model of cognitive development (30s or 40s through middle age) they are responsible for societal systems or social movements like governmental and business organizations.

Answer 26

Executive stage (30s or 40s through middle age)

Question 27

A stage in Schaie’s life-span model of cognitive development (end of middle age, beginning of late adulthood) they enter retirement and reorganize their lives and intellectual energies around meaningful pursuits.

Answer 27

Reorganizational stage (end of middle age, beginning of late adulthood)

Question 28

A stage in Schaie’s life-span model of cognitive development (late adulthood) they may experience biological and cognitive changes and tend to be more selective about what tasks they expend effort on. Focus on purpose and concentrate more on tasks with the most meaning for them.

Answer 28

Reintegrative stage (late adulthood)

Question 29

A stage in Schaie’s life-span model of cognitive development (advanced old age) when they near the end of life, they create instructions for the disposition of prized possessions, make funeral arrangements, provide oral histories, or write their life worries as a legacy for their loved ones.

Answer 29

Legacy-creating stage (advanced old age)

Question 30

Sternberg’s triarchic intelligence theory lead to the idea of ________ or the information that is not formally taught but is necessary to get ahead. Also known as “know-hows”.

Answer 30

tacit knowledge

Question 31

It is the intelligence, according to Salovey and Mayer, that is the ability to understand and regulate emotions. It is an important component of effective, intelligent behavior.

Answer 31

Emotional intelligence

Question 32

It is a tool used to measure Emotional Intelligence by Slovey and colleagues.

Answer 32

Mayer-Slovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT)

Question 33

In Kohlberg’s theory, young adulthood will reach the ________ level of moral judgement.

Answer 33

postconventional

Question 34

True or False. Not all can reach the postconventional level of moral judgement.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Gilligan’s Levels of Moral Development in Women

Answer 35

1. Level 1: orientation of individual survival
2. Transition 1: from selfishness to responsibility
3. Level 2: goodness as self-sacrifice
4. Transition 2: from goodness to truth
5. Level 3: morality of nonviolence

Question 36

It is the degree to which a person’s work requires thought and independent judgement.

Answer 36

Substantive complexity

Question 37

This is the hypothesis that there is a carryover of cognitive gains from work to leisure that explains the positive relationship between activities in the quality of intellectual functioning.

Answer 37

Spillover hypothesis