Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AP Psychology > Personality > Flashcards

Personality Flashcards

(75 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

personality

A

the unique attitudes, behaviors, and emotions that characterize a person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

stage theories

A

theories in which development is thought to be discontinuous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

penis envy

A

part of Freud’s psychosexual stage theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

castration anxiety

A

part of Freud’s psychosexual stage theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

idenitification

A

part of Freud’s psychosexual stage theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

id

A

contains instincts and psychic energy, called Eros and Thanatos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pleasure principle

A

followed by id

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ego

A

follows the reality principle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

reality principle

A

followed by ego

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

superego

A

exists in both the unconscious mind and the conscious mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

repression

A

pushing thoughts out of conscious awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

denial

A

not accepting the ego-threatening truth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

displacement

A

redirecting one’s feelings towards another person or object. When people displace negative emotions like anger, they often displace them onto people whoa re less threatening than the source of the emotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

projection

A

believing that the feelings one has toward someone else are actually held by the other person and directed at oneself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

reaction formation

A

expressing the opposite of how one truly feels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

regression

A

returning to an earlier, comforting form of behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

rationalization

A

coming up with a beneficial result of an undesirable occurrence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

intellectualization

A

undertaking an academic, unemotional study of a topic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

sublimation

A

channeling one’s frustration toward a different goal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

criticisms of Freud

A

NAME?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

psychodynamic theorists

A

Carl Jung and Alfred Adler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Jung’s unconscious

A

consists of collective unconscious and personal unconscious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

collective unconscious

A

unconscious passed down through the species; explains the similarities across cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

archetypes

A

universal concepts we all share as part of the human species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
personal unconscious
resembles Freud's view of the unconscious; contains the painful or threatening memories and thoughts the person does not wish to confront; called complexes
26
Freudian ego psychologist
a Freudian psychologist who downplays the importance of the unconscious and focuses on the conscious role of the ego
27
Alfred Adler
a Freudian psychologist who downplays the importance of the unconscious and focuses on the conscious role of the ego who also believed people were motivated by inferiority and superiority
28
inferiority
the fear of failure
29
superiority
the desire to achieve
30
nomothetic
the belief taht the same basic set of traits can be used to describe all people's personalities
31
Hans Eyesenck
introversion-extroversion scale and stable-unstable scale
32
Raymond Cattel
16 PF (personalty factor)
33
big five personality traits
extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and emotional stability (or neuroticism)
34
factor analysis
a statistical technique used to reduce the vast number of different terms we use to describe people to 16 or five basic traits
35
idiographic theorists
oppose nomothetic theorists
36
Gordon Allport
theorized that in order to have a full understanding of someone's personality, you needed to look at their personal traits
37
cardinal dispositions
one trait that plays a pivotal role in virtually everything a small number of people do
38
central dispositions
more apparent than secondary dispositions, but less so than cardinal dispositions
39
secondary dispositions
less apparent than central dispositions
40
criticism of trait theories
underestimate importance of the situation
41
heritability
the measure of the percentage of a trait that is inherited
42
temperaments
heritable
43
somatotype theory
William Sheldon
44
endomorphs (fat)
according to William Sheldon
45
mesomorphs (muscular)
according to William Sheldon
46
ectomorphs (thin)
according to William Sheldon
47
Albert Bandura
believed that personality is created by an interaction between the person (traits), the environment, and the person's behavior
48
triadic reciprocality/reciprocal determinism
the person (traits), the environment, and the person's behavior each influence both of the other two in a constant looplike fashion
49
self-efficacy
Refers to one's belief about one's ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes. Those with high levels for a particular task are more likely to succeed than those with low levels
50
George Kelley
proposed personal-construct theory of personality
51
personal-construct theory of personality
George Kelley
52
locus of control
Julian Rotter
53
determinism
the belief that what happens is dictated by what has happened in the past
54
free will
an individual's ability to choose his or her own destiny
55
humanistic psychology
also called the third force
56
self-concept
a person's global feeling about himself and herself
57
self-esteem
A measure of how much you value and respect yourself
58
self-actualize
to reach one's full potential
59
self-theory
created by Carl Rogers
60
unconditional positive regard
a kind of blanket acceptance important in Carl Rogers' self-theory
61
projective tests
used by psychoanalysts
62
self-report inventories
questionnaires that ask people to provide information about themselves
63
Barnum effect
the tendency for people to see themselves in vague, stock descriptions of personality
64
metacognition
thinking about thinking
65
criticisms of Jean Piaget's cognitive development theory
#NAME?
66
information processing model
a continuous alternative of Piaget's stage theory
67
Lawrence Kohlberg
#NAME?
68
Heinz dilemma
stealing a drug he cannot afford in order to save his wife's life
69
preconventional
reasoning limited to how things affect themselves
70
conventional
choice based on how others will view them
71
postconventional
examines rights and values involved in choice
72
Criticisms of Lawrence Kohlberg
Carol Gilligan noted that his research was based on boys, her research showed that boys and girls had different moral attitudes, but was later disproved
73
biopsychological (neuropsychological) theory of gender development
studies demonstrate that biological differences do exist between the sexes
74
psychodynamic theory of gender development
gender development is a competition for your opposite sex parent, when you realize you can't win, you imitate your same-sex parent
75
social-cognitive theory of gender development
effects of society and thoughs about gender on role development

AP Psychology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions