Important Psychologists Flashcards
(69 cards)
1
Q
Mary Ainsworth
A
Developmental Psychology
2
Q
Solomon Asch
A
Social Psychology
3
Q
Albert Bandura
A
Learning and Personality
4
Q
Alfred Binet
A
Developmental Psychology, and Testing and Individual Differences
5
Q
Noam Chomsky
A
Cognition
6
Q
Erik Erikson
A
Developmental Psychology
7
Q
Sigmund Freud
A
Personality and States of Consciousness
8
Q
Carol Gilligan
A
Developmental Psychology
9
Q
Henry Harlow
A
Developmental Psychology
10
Q
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
A
Sensation and Perception
11
Q
William James
A
Methods, Approaches, and History
12
Q
Lawrence Kohlberg
A
Developmental Psychology
13
Q
Elizabeth Loftus
A
Cognition
14
Q
Abraham Maslow
A
Motivation and Emotion, and Treatment of Psychological Disorders
15
Q
Stanley Milgram
A
Social Psychology
16
Q
Ivan Pavlov
A
Learning
17
Q
Jean Piaget
A
Developmental Psychology
18
Q
Robert Rescorla
A
Learning
19
Q
Carl Rogers
A
Treatment of Psychological Disorders and Personality
20
Q
Stanley Schacter
A
Motivation and Emotion
21
Q
B.F. Skinner
A
Learning
22
Q
John Watson
A
Learning
23
Q
Benjamin Whorf
A
Cognition
24
Q
Wilhelm Wundt
A
set up the first psychological laboratory in an apartment near the university at Leipzig, Germany
25
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT or RET)
Cognitive behavioral therapy developed by Albert Ellis. Therapists look to expose and confront the dysfunctional thoughts of their clients.
26
cognitive therapy
developed by Aaron Beck, usually used in treatment of depression, involves trying to get clients to engage in pursuits that will bring them success
27
cognitive triad
theorized by Aaron Beck
28
family therapy
a type of group therapy used to treat families
29
self-help groups
a type of group therapy that does not involve a therapist
30
psychopharmacology/chemotherapy
the use of drugs to treat psychological problems
31
antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics)
block the receptor sites for dopamine, used to treat schizophrenia, may result in tardive dyskinesia
32
tardive dyskinesia
Parkinsonian-like, chronic muscle tremors
33
drugs used to treat unipolar depression
tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, and serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor drugs (Prozac) which all tend to increase the activity of serotonin
34
lithium
a metal used to trea the manic phase of bipolar disorder
35
drugs used to treat anxiety disorders
barbiturates (Miltown) and benzodiazepines (Xanax and Valium)
36
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
when an electric current is passed through one (unilateral ECT) or both (bilateral ECT) hemispheres of the brain
37
psychosurgery
the purposeful destruction of part of the brain to alter a person's behavior
38
prefrontal lobotomy
a type of psychosurgery
39
psychiatrists
medical doctors and are the only therapists permitted to prescribe medication
40
clinical psychologists
psychologists with a Ph. D. and specialize in research, assessment, and therapy
41
counseling psychologists
psychologists with a graduate degree in psychology and treat less severe problems than clinical psychologists do
42
psychoanalysts
people trained specifically in Freudian methods who may or may not hold medical degrees
43
paraphilia
the sexual attraction to an object, person, or activity not usually seen as sexual
44
fetishism
paraphilia
45
pedophilia
paraphilia
46
zoophilia
paraphilia
47
voyeur
paraphilia
48
masochist
paraphilia
49
sadist
paraphilia
50
antisocial personality disorder
little regard for other people's feelings
51
dependent personality disorder
rely too much on the attention and help of others
52
paranoid personality disorder
feel persecuted
53
narcissistic personality disorder
seeing oneself as the center of the universe
54
histronic personality disorder
overly dramatic behavior
55
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
overly concerned with certain thoughts and performing certain behaviors, but not to the point of obsessive compulsive disorder
56
anorexia nervosa
eating disorder
57
bulimia
eating disorder
58
substance use disorder
regular and negative use of alcohol or other drugs that alter behavior
59
substance dependence
addiction
60
autism
developmental disorder
61
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
developmental disorder
62
Rosenhan Study
study in which healthy individuals were admitted into mental hospitals after saying they were hearing voices. Once in, they acted normally and still were not labeled as impostors.
63
preconventional
reasoning limited to how things affect themselves
64
conventional
choice based on how others will view them
65
postconventional
examines rights and values involved in choice
66
Criticisms of Lawrence Kohlberg
Carol Gilligan noted that his research was based on boys, her research showed that boys and girls had different moral attitudes, but was later disproved
67
biopsychological (neuropsychological) theory of gender development
studies demonstrate that biological differences do exist between the sexes
68
psychodynamic theory of gender development
gender development is a competition for your opposite sex parent, when you realize you can't win, you imitate your same-sex parent
69
social-cognitive theory of gender development
effects of society and thoughs about gender on role development
