Prevention

Question 1

Clostridum perfrigens

Answer 1

Prevention: no vaccine, early detection TX: remove dead tissue, amputate, drainage, hyperbaric chambers, antibiotics

Question 2

Treponema pallidum

Answer 2

Prevention: Penicillin (congenital syphilis) TX - Bicillin 1st & 2nd stage

Question 3

Borrelia burgdorferi

Answer 3

Prevention: tick prevention - deet (30-50%, 10% preg/child), clothing, removal

Question 4

Listeria monocytogenes

Answer 4

TX: antibiotics (amp)

Question 5

Clostridium botulinum

Answer 5

Prevention: TX: Antitoxin to A, B, E. ASAP. Neutralizes toxin, resp support. No Antibiotics! its just toxins, no organism.

Question 6

Leptospira interrogans

Answer 6

Prevention: prophylactic antibiotics for travel, vaccine for dogs and cattle

Question 7

Helicobater pylori

Answer 7

Prevention: NO VACCINE, antibiotics + prilosec (inhibitor protein pump)

Question 8

Chlamydia pneumonia

Answer 8

Prevention: TX: Azythromycin - does not work on strep pneumon Quinolones treat all 3 (chlamydia, pneumonia, strep p.)

Question 9

Escherichia coli (normal flora strain)

Answer 9

Prevention: Hand washing. TX - antibiotics

Question 10

Shigella dysenteriae

Answer 10

Prevention: — TX: symptoms - oral rehydration, if severe fluoroquinolones or combo of 3 drugs

Question 11

Vibrio cholerae

Answer 11

Prevention: Clean water, 2 oral vaccines for travelers

Question 12

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Answer 12

Prevention: remove plaque

Question 13

Streptoccocus spcs (babies) (Group B)

Answer 13

Prevention: screen preg women @35-37 weeks, if pos, tx mother TX: Pen G (or vancomycin, clindamycin)

Question 14

Campylobacter jejuni

Answer 14

Prevention: cook food, refrigerate, wash hands TX: fluids

Question 15

Chlamydia trachomatis

Answer 15

Prevention: newborn - antibiotics in baby’s eyes. Reduce number of sexual partners. No immunity. TX: Azithromycin

Question 16

Escherichia coli ( 0157:H7 strain)

Answer 16

Prevention: NO VACCINE. intervene in transmission, never give undercooked meat to child, feed cattle grass 5 days prior to slaughter

Question 17

Gardnerella vaginalis

Answer 17

Prevention: TX: flagyl - wipes out anaerobe, not given to pregnant women, treat sexual partners

Question 18

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 18

Prevention: Colonies - Oral or topical, Nasal ointment, Hand washing Food poisoning - NOT COOKING, Keep food HOT or COLD. Use good sanitation when handling food. Toxic shock - change packs (nasal/tampons) often, early treatment TX: 1 month antibiotics, if not better, remove the implant. Very hard to eradicate, manage shock/renal failure

Question 19

Bacteroides fragilis

Answer 19

Prevention: good hygene

Question 20

Clostridium tetani

Answer 20

Prevention: D”T”aP vaccine: 5 doses. Booster ~ 10 years. Sooner, can damage kidney. TX: antitoxin (antibody to the toxin) TIG (Tetanus immunoglobulin - other word for antibody)

Question 21

Bordetella pertussis

Answer 21

Prevention: Vaccine (Dt”aP” + booster, or Adacel for adults) TX: Antibiotics or antitoxin

Question 22

Bacillus anthracis

Answer 22

Prevention: Vaccine (5 doses + annual booster) - cutaneous, intestinal, pulmonary TX: antibiotics early stage pulmonary 60 - 100 days, +vaccine, 3 doses

Question 23

Escherichia coli Enterotoxigenic Strain

Answer 23

Prevention: Cook food, no antibiotics, rehydrate

Question 24

Streptococcus pneumonia (PNEUMOCOCCUS) (Group D)

Answer 24

Prevention: Vaccines - 1. Prevnar - babies (conj, 4 doses). 2. Pneumovax - adults (not conj, 2 doses) TX: antibiotics

Question 25

Brucella abortusuis

Answer 25

Prevention: Vaccine, antibiotics

Question 26

Streptococcus pyognes (GAS) (Group A)

Answer 26

Prevention: none - washing, early screening, early tx TX: surgical debridment and antibiotics, aspirin, steroids (RF)

Question 27

Mycobacteria tuberculosis

Answer 27

Prevention: strict aerobe, hard to kill because its in the lungs. Early testing and treatment. BCG Vaccine (young children. not adults, HIV+, or in the US - can't find Hot Spots) - live attenuated, strain of M. bovis. Prevents from spreading to the blood.

Question 28

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer 28

Prevention: No Vaccine TX: men - doxy, women - zithromax

Question 29

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 29

Prevention: TX - antibiotics

Question 30

Legionella pneumonia

Answer 30

Prevention: TX - antibiotics

Question 31

Salmonella enteric: typhi

Answer 31

Prevention: washing hands, vaccines for travelers TX: antibiotics oral 2-3 weeks, 3 month for carrier sometimes with IV

Question 32

Salmonella enterica

Answer 32

Prevention: Wash hands, no raw eggs, cook poultry, no exotic pets, if very young children TX: oral rehydration, not antibiotics unless sepsis

Question 33

Corynebacteriua diptheria

Answer 33

Prevention: "D"TaP - toxoid (antitoxin - made in horse) TX: antitoxin + antibiotics

Question 34

Shigella sonnei

Answer 34

Prevention: ----

Question 35

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Answer 35

Prevention: no vaccine, azithromycin or erythromycin

Question 36

Neisseria meningitidis

Answer 36

Prevention: WACY vaccine, Not for B

Question 37

Mycoplasma genitalium

Answer 37

Prevention: Safe Sex, reduce number of sexual partners TX: antibiotics

Question 38

Clostridium difficile

Answer 38

Prevention: Handwashing with soap, Isolate pt. use universal precautions, monitor symptoms if pt. on antibiotics. TX: change antibiotics, use flagyl, oral vanc, or fidaxomicin

Question 39

Rickettsia rickettsii

Answer 39

Prevention: No vaccine. Tick repellant TX: Antibiotics

Question 40

Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 40

Prevention: HIB Vaccine