Flashcards in Radio Exam 3 Deck (106)
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1
The latent period in radiation biology is the time between...
Exposure to x-radiation and clinical symptoms
2
A free radical
An uncharged molecule, has an unpaired electron in the outer shell, highly reactive/unstable, combines with molecules to form toxins
3
Direct radiation injury occurs when...
X-ray protons hit critical targets within a cell
4
Indirect radiation injury occurs when...
X-ray photons are absorbed and form toxins
5
Which relationship describes the response of tissues to radiation
Linear, nonthreshold
6
Which factors contribute to radiation injury
Total dose, dose rate, age, cell sensitivity
7
Long-term effects are seen with small amounts of radiation absorbed in a long period
True
8
Radiation injuries that are not seen in the person irradiated but that occur in future generations are termed...
Genetic effects
9
What is most susceptible to ionizing radiation
Small lymphocyte
10
The sensitivity of tissues to radiation is determined by
Mitotic activity, cell differentiation, cell metabolism
11
What is considered radioresistant
Mature bone cells
12
An organ that, if damaged, diminishes the quality of an individuals life is termed
Critical
13
The traditional unit for measuring x-ray exposure in air is termed
Roentgen
14
Which radiation unit is determined by the quality factor (QF)
Rem
15
The unit for measuring the absorption of x-rays is termed
Rad
16
1 R = 2.58 X 10 to the -4 C/kg, 1 Gy = 100 rad, 1 Sv = 100 rem, 1 rem = rad X QF
All correct conversions
17
What traditional unit does not have an SI equivalent
Roentgen
18
What is used only for x-rays
Roentgen
19
What is the approximate average dose of background radiation received by an individual in the United States
300 mrem/ 3.0 mSv
20
What is the greatest contributor to artificial radiation exposure
Medical radiation
21
The amount of radiation exposure an individual receives varies depending on
Receptor type, collimation, technique
22
A single intraoral image using digital sensor results in an effective exposure dose of
0.002 mSv
23
What is the dose at which leukemia induction is most likely to occur
5000 mrad (0.05) Gy
24
Smallest effective does using digital receptors
Single periapical/rectangular collimation
25
Second smallest effective dose using digital receptors
Single bite-wing/round collimation
26
3rd/medium effective dose using digital receptors
Panoramic
27
4th/large effective dose using digital receptors
Complete series/rectangular collimation
28
Largest effective dose using digital receptors
Complete series/round collimation
29
Smallest annual source of radiation exposure
Consumer products
30
