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9th Grade Flashcards > Science chapter 9 > Flashcards

Science chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

the study of the nature, behavior, and uses of statics and related phenomenon

A

electrostatics

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2
Q

rubbing amber would cause bits of straw to be attracted

A

Thales of Miletus

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3
Q

other materials besides amber would produce the same magnetic force

A

William Gilbert

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4
Q

discovered static electricity and the existence of two types of charge (positive and negative)

A

Benjamin Franklin

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5
Q

a property that allows particles to attract and repel other charged particles by the electromagnetic force

A

electric charge

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6
Q

positive (+) charge

A

proton

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7
Q

negative (-) charge

A

electron

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8
Q

the interaction between electrons and other charged particles

A

electricity

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9
Q

describes an atom or other object with an equal number of positive and negative charges

A

neutral

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10
Q

an electric charge that is stationary on the surface of a charged object; the simplest form of electricity

A

static electricity

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11
Q

the SI unit of electric charge

A

Coulomb

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12
Q

the law stating that opposite charges attract each other but like charges repel each other

A

law of electric charges

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13
Q

the law stating that strength of attraction or repulsion between two charged objects is directly related to the strength of the charges and inversely related to the square of the distance between them

A

law of electric force

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14
Q

the region around a charged object in which other objects are attracted or repelled by an electric force

A

electric field

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15
Q

arrows that indicate how a positive charge in the field would move

A

lines of force

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16
Q

an electric field with even strength throughout

A

uniform field

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17
Q

the transfer of an electric charge through direct contact

A

conduction

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18
Q

the law stating that the total electric charge is the same before and after an interaction

A

law of conservation of charge

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19
Q

the process of diverting unwanted electric charge directly into the earth

A

grounding

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20
Q

the process of imparting electric charge from one object to another without direct contact between the objects

A

induction

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21
Q

the flow of charge from one place to another

A

current

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22
Q

an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge

A

ion

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23
Q

simple device that uses the laws of electrostatics to detect small electric charges

A

electroscope

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24
Q

the flow of electrons or other charged particles from one place to another

A

current electricity

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25
Q

electricity that flows in only one direction without reversing

A

direct current (DC)

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26
Q

electricity that flows first in one direction and then the other, reversing at regular intervals

A

alternating current (AC)

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27
Q

treats current as if it were a positive charge

A

conventional current

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28
Q

the direction in which electrons actually move in a solid

A

electron current

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29
Q

the work per unit of charge done to move electric charges between different parts of an electric field

A

voltage

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30
Q

the SI unit of voltage

A

volt

31
Q

the rate of charged flow

A

current (I)

32
Q

the SI unit of current

A

ampere (A)

33
Q

time rate of doing work

A

power

34
Q

electric companies charge per this time

A

kilowatt hour

35
Q

anything that allows for an easy flow of electricity

A

conductor

36
Q

materials through which current does not easily flow

A

insulators

37
Q

materials which are neither good conductors or insulators

A

semiconductors

38
Q

the amount a certain object hinders electron flow

A

resistance

39
Q

unit of resistance

A

ohm (𝛀) 𝛀 = omega

40
Q

heat converted from the energy used to overcome electrical resistance

A

Joule heat

41
Q

a material that allows current to flow through it with no resistance at all

A

superconductor

42
Q

the temperature at which a material becomes a superconductor

A

critical temperature

43
Q

the law stating that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance

A

Ohm’s law

44
Q

an electrical device designed to add resistance to a circuit

A

resistor

45
Q

the path that an electric current follows

A

electric circuit

46
Q

a device that transforms the energy of the electric current into another useful form of energy

A

load

47
Q

a circuit that contains a complete path for electrons to flow from the source of current, through the load, and back to the source

A

closed circuit

48
Q

a circuit in which a gap is made and electrons cease to flow

A

open circuit

49
Q

a device that opens or closes a circuit

A

switch

50
Q

occurs if electricity has the opportunity to take a “shortcut” through a circuit, avoiding the load

A

short circuit

51
Q

a narrow strip of metal housed in a protective, insulated case, used to guard against short circuits

A

fuse

52
Q

an automatic switch that opens a circuit when current flowing through it exceeds a predetermined amount

A

circuit breaker

53
Q

a circuit in which the loads are arranged so that the electric current flows through each load one after another

A

series circuit

54
Q

a circuit in which the loads are arranged in separate branches of the circuit and the current is divided among them

A

parallel circuit

55
Q

The current must be the same in all parts of a ______ circuit

A

series

56
Q

The voltage must be the same in all parts of a _______ circuit

A

parallel

57
Q

a natural magnet

A

lodestone

58
Q

an object capable of attracting materials such as iron or steel by magnetic force

A

magnet

59
Q

the property of attracting objects by the magnetic force

A

magnetism

60
Q

the region of concentrated magnetism in a magnet

A

pole

61
Q

the pole of a magnet that points north

A

north pole

62
Q

the pole of a magnet that points south

A

south pole

63
Q

the law stating that unlike magnetic poles poles attract and like poles repel

A

law of magnetic poles

64
Q

the region surrounding a magnet in which other objects are affected by magnetism

A

magnetic field

65
Q

the imaginary lines that indicate the direction and strength of a magnetic field

A

lines of flux

66
Q

the law stating that the force between two magnetic poles is directly related to the product of the pole strengths and inversely related to the square of the distance between the poles

A

law of magnetic force

67
Q

the extent to which a material can absorb or channel lines of magnetic flux

A

permeability

68
Q

used to overcome resistance

A

Joule heat

69
Q

Ohm’s law formula

A

V = IR

70
Q

Power formula

A

P = VI

71
Q

law of electric force

A

F = k (q1q2 / r squared)

72
Q

law of magnetic force

A

F = k (p1p2 / r squared)

73
Q

series circuit resistance formula

A

R total = R1 + R2 + R3 …

74
Q

parallel circuit formula

A

1 / R total = (1 / R1) + (1 / R2) + (1 / R3) …

9th Grade Flashcards (71 decks)

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