Science chapter 9

Question 1

the study of the nature, behavior, and uses of statics and related phenomenon

Answer 1

electrostatics

Question 2

rubbing amber would cause bits of straw to be attracted

Answer 2

Thales of Miletus

Question 3

other materials besides amber would produce the same magnetic force

Answer 3

William Gilbert

Question 4

discovered static electricity and the existence of two types of charge (positive and negative)

Answer 4

Benjamin Franklin

Question 5

a property that allows particles to attract and repel other charged particles by the electromagnetic force

Answer 5

electric charge

Question 6

positive (+) charge

Answer 6

proton

Question 7

negative (-) charge

Answer 7

electron

Question 8

the interaction between electrons and other charged particles

Answer 8

electricity

Question 9

describes an atom or other object with an equal number of positive and negative charges

Answer 9

neutral

Question 10

an electric charge that is stationary on the surface of a charged object; the simplest form of electricity

Answer 10

static electricity

Question 11

the SI unit of electric charge

Answer 11

Coulomb

Question 12

the law stating that opposite charges attract each other but like charges repel each other

Answer 12

law of electric charges

Question 13

the law stating that strength of attraction or repulsion between two charged objects is directly related to the strength of the charges and inversely related to the square of the distance between them

Answer 13

law of electric force

Question 14

the region around a charged object in which other objects are attracted or repelled by an electric force

Answer 14

electric field

Question 15

arrows that indicate how a positive charge in the field would move

Answer 15

lines of force

Question 16

an electric field with even strength throughout

Answer 16

uniform field

Question 17

the transfer of an electric charge through direct contact

Answer 17

conduction

Question 18

the law stating that the total electric charge is the same before and after an interaction

Answer 18

law of conservation of charge

Question 19

the process of diverting unwanted electric charge directly into the earth

Answer 19

grounding

Question 20

the process of imparting electric charge from one object to another without direct contact between the objects

Answer 20

induction

Question 21

the flow of charge from one place to another

Answer 21

current

Question 22

an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge

Answer 22

ion

Question 23

simple device that uses the laws of electrostatics to detect small electric charges

Answer 23

electroscope

Question 24

the flow of electrons or other charged particles from one place to another

Answer 24

current electricity

Question 25

electricity that flows in only one direction without reversing

Answer 25

direct current (DC)

Question 26

electricity that flows first in one direction and then the other, reversing at regular intervals

Answer 26

alternating current (AC)

Question 27

treats current as if it were a positive charge

Answer 27

conventional current

Question 28

the direction in which electrons actually move in a solid

Answer 28

electron current

Question 29

the work per unit of charge done to move electric charges between different parts of an electric field

Answer 29

voltage

Question 30

the SI unit of voltage

Answer 30

volt

Question 31

the rate of charged flow

Answer 31

current (I)

Question 32

the SI unit of current

Answer 32

ampere (A)

Question 33

time rate of doing work

Answer 33

power

Question 34

electric companies charge per this time

Answer 34

kilowatt hour

Question 35

anything that allows for an easy flow of electricity

Answer 35

conductor

Question 36

materials through which current does not easily flow

Answer 36

insulators

Question 37

materials which are neither good conductors or insulators

Answer 37

semiconductors

Question 38

the amount a certain object hinders electron flow

Answer 38

resistance

Question 39

unit of resistance

Answer 39

ohm (𝛀) 𝛀 = omega

Question 40

heat converted from the energy used to overcome electrical resistance

Answer 40

Joule heat

Question 41

a material that allows current to flow through it with no resistance at all

Answer 41

superconductor

Question 42

the temperature at which a material becomes a superconductor

Answer 42

critical temperature

Question 43

the law stating that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance

Answer 43

Ohm's law

Question 44

an electrical device designed to add resistance to a circuit

Answer 44

resistor

Question 45

the path that an electric current follows

Answer 45

electric circuit

Question 46

a device that transforms the energy of the electric current into another useful form of energy

Answer 46

load

Question 47

a circuit that contains a complete path for electrons to flow from the source of current, through the load, and back to the source

Answer 47

closed circuit

Question 48

a circuit in which a gap is made and electrons cease to flow

Answer 48

open circuit

Question 49

a device that opens or closes a circuit

Answer 49

switch

Question 50

occurs if electricity has the opportunity to take a “shortcut” through a circuit, avoiding the load

Answer 50

short circuit

Question 51

a narrow strip of metal housed in a protective, insulated case, used to guard against short circuits

Answer 51

fuse

Question 52

an automatic switch that opens a circuit when current flowing through it exceeds a predetermined amount

Answer 52

circuit breaker

Question 53

a circuit in which the loads are arranged so that the electric current flows through each load one after another

Answer 53

series circuit

Question 54

a circuit in which the loads are arranged in separate branches of the circuit and the current is divided among them

Answer 54

parallel circuit

Question 55

The current must be the same in all parts of a ______ circuit

Answer 55

series

Question 56

The voltage must be the same in all parts of a _______ circuit

Answer 56

parallel

Question 57

a natural magnet

Answer 57

lodestone

Question 58

an object capable of attracting materials such as iron or steel by magnetic force

Answer 58

magnet

Question 59

the property of attracting objects by the magnetic force

Answer 59

magnetism

Question 60

the region of concentrated magnetism in a magnet

Answer 60

pole

Question 61

the pole of a magnet that points north

Answer 61

north pole

Question 62

the pole of a magnet that points south

Answer 62

south pole

Question 63

the law stating that unlike magnetic poles poles attract and like poles repel

Answer 63

law of magnetic poles

Question 64

the region surrounding a magnet in which other objects are affected by magnetism

Answer 64

magnetic field

Question 65

the imaginary lines that indicate the direction and strength of a magnetic field

Answer 65

lines of flux

Question 66

the law stating that the force between two magnetic poles is directly related to the product of the pole strengths and inversely related to the square of the distance between the poles

Answer 66

law of magnetic force

Question 67

the extent to which a material can absorb or channel lines of magnetic flux

Answer 67

permeability

Question 68

used to overcome resistance

Answer 68

Joule heat

Question 69

Ohm's law formula

Answer 69

V = IR

Question 70

Power formula

Answer 70

P = VI

Question 71

law of electric force

Answer 71

F = k (q1q2 / r squared)

Question 72

law of magnetic force

Answer 72

F = k (p1p2 / r squared)

Question 73

series circuit resistance formula

Answer 73

R total = R1 + R2 + R3 ...

Question 74

parallel circuit formula

Answer 74

1 / R total = (1 / R1) + (1 / R2) + (1 / R3) ...