science pg 347-359

Question 1

a homogeneous mixture

Answer 1

solution

Question 2

substance that is dissolved

Answer 2

solute

Question 3

substance that does the dissolving

Answer 3

solvent

Question 4

occurs when an ionic compound divides into individual ions

Answer 4

dissociation

Question 5

three ways to increase the rate that a substance dissolves

Answer 5

1. stir
2. crush / grind
3. heat

Question 6

ability of one substance to dissolve in another substance to form a solution

Answer 6

solubility

Question 7

A substance that dissolves easily into a solvent

Answer 7

soluble

Question 8

substance that does not readily dissolve in a given solvent

Answer 8

insoluble

Question 9

process where a solute will “undissolve” and form a solid substance

Answer 9

precipitate

Question 10

a measure of how much solute is dissolved in a given amount of solvent or in a given amount of solution

Answer 10

concentration

Question 11

the unit representing approximately 6.022 x 10 to the 23 particles

Answer 11

mole (mol)

Question 12

the number 6.022 x 10 to the 23

Answer 12

Avogadro’s number

Question 13

a measure of solution concentration as moles of solute per some volume of solution

Answer 13

molarity (amount concentration)

Question 14

concentration measured as the moles of solute in a given mass of solvent

Answer 14

molality

Question 15

the process of mixing molecules of one substance with another substance by random molecular motion

Answer 15

diffusion

Question 16

one-way diffusion through a semipermeable membrane

Answer 16

osmosis

Question 17

a chemical change resulting from a collision between atoms or molecules

Answer 17

chemical reaction

Question 18

the original substances that undergo chemical reactions

Answer 18

reactants

Question 19

the new substances produced by the reaction

Answer 19

products

Question 20

4 observations showing a chemical change occurred

Answer 20

1. change in color
2. formation of gas
3. formation of a precipitate
4. release or absorption of energy

Question 21

an expression that uses chemical symbols to represent a chemical reaction

Answer 21

chemical equation

Question 22

the number before each chemical formula that indicates how many molecules or formula units of that substance are involved in the reaction

Answer 22

coefficient

Question 23

states that the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products

Answer 23

law of conservation of mass

Question 24

A chemical equation that has the same number of atoms of each element on each side of the arrow is said to be _________

Answer 24

balanced

Question 25

true or false: chemical formulas cannot be changed to balance an equation because changing the chemical formula would change the substances involved in the reaction

Answer 25

true

Question 26

chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new substance

Answer 26

combination reaction

Question 27

chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down to form different substances

Answer 27

decomposition reaction

Question 28

chemical reactions in which an element in a compound is replaced by another element

Answer 28

single-displacement reactions

Question 29

Chemical reactions in which two compounds exchange atoms or ions

Answer 29

double-displacement reactions