Science end of 4-5

Question 1

Greek mathematician that discovered fluids exert a buoyant force upon objects within them

Answer 1

Archimedes

Question 2

an upward force exerted by a fluid on a solid object placed in the fluid

Answer 2

buoyancy

Question 3

the principle stating that the buoyant force experienced by an object is exactly equal to the weight of the fluid displaced

Answer 3

Archimedes principle

Question 4

vessel designed to operate below the surface of the water, but can also float on the surface

Answer 4

submarine

Question 5

object is completely submerged in a fluid but not sinking

Answer 5

neutral buoyancy

Question 6

vessel limited to how high it can go because it is filled with gas

Answer 6

blimp

Question 7

resistance of any object moving through a fluid

Answer 7

drag

Question 8

science of shaping objects to allow the smooth flow of fluids around them and reduce drag

Answer 8

streamlining

Question 9

a force on an object that is generated by relative motion between the object and a fluid and is perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow

Answer 9

lift

Question 10

structure designed to produce lift as it moves relative to a fluid

Answer 10

foil

Question 11

ability to do work and change matter

Answer 11

energy

Question 12

SI unit of work and energy

Answer 12

Joule

Question 13

energy of motion

Answer 13

kinetic energy

Question 14

energy associated with the position of an object and the forces acting upon it

Answer 14

potential energy

Question 15

energy from motions or forces that affect a whole object

Answer 15

mechanical energy

Question 16

law stating that energy can neither be created or destroyed, only transferred

Answer 16

law of conservation of energy

Question 17

discovered mass and energy can be considered two different ways of measuring the same physical property

Answer 17

Albert Einstein

Question 18

the principle stating that mass and energy can be considered two different ways of measuring the same physical property

Answer 18

mass-energy equivalence

Question 19

the law stating that the sum of mass and energy is constant

Answer 19

law of conservation of mass and energy

Question 20

the energy of an entire object moving; simplest form of kinetic energy that is part of an object’s mechanical energy

Answer 20

whole-body kinetic energy

Question 21

simplest form of motion

Answer 21

translational motion

Question 22

whole-body kinetic energy caused by translational motion

Answer 22

translational kinetic energy

Question 23

energy that the object possesses due to the random motion of its molecules

Answer 23

thermal energy

Question 24

energy caused by a disturbance moving through a substance

Answer 24

wave energy

Question 25

natural forces that cause potential energy

Answer 25

fundamental forces

Question 26

attractive force between all material objects

Answer 26

gravitational force

Question 27

model that represents the direction and strength of a body’s gravity at every point in space

Answer 27

gravitational field

Question 28

the potential energy that an object gains from the work used to move it against a gravitational field

Answer 28

gravitational potential energy

Question 29

a force that affects certain subatomic particles

Answer 29

weak nuclear force

Question 30

second-strongest fundamental force, which affects only objects with an electric charge

Answer 30

electromagnetic force

Question 31

affects only objects with an electric charge

Answer 31

electromagnetic force

Question 32

electromagnetic potential energy that a stationary charged object has from the work needed to move it through another stationary object’s electric field

Answer 32

electric potential energy

Question 33

electromagnetic potential energy that a stationary object has from the work needed to move it through another stationary object’s magnetic field

Answer 33

magnetic potential energy

Question 34

energy resulting from the chemical combination of atoms into molecules

Answer 34

chemical energy

Question 35

potential energy caused by the restorative elastic forces when an object is deformed

Answer 35

elastic potential energy

Question 36

contributes to an object’s mechanical energy

Answer 36

elastic potential energy

Question 37

the strongest fundamental force, which acts only within atomic nuclei and combines subatomic particles together to form the nucleus of an atom

Answer 37

strong nuclear force

Question 38

potential energy caused by the strong nuclear force

Answer 38

nuclear potential energy