Species specific eye lesions

Question 1

What ocular diseases do dogs typically get (14)?

Answer 1

glaucoma, idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic anterior uveitis, cataract, blastomycosis, intraocular neoplasms, retinal degeneration and atrophy, granulomatous episcleritis, conjunctival neoplasms, pannus, periocular/retrobulbar cellulitis or abscess, entropion and ectropion, hypertrophy of gland of 3rd eyelid, chalazion, eyelid tymors

Question 2

What is glaucoma?

Answer 2

disease due to a persistent increase in intraocular pressure

Question 3

What are the types of glaucoma?

Answer 3

primary and secondary

Question 4

What is the difference between primary and secondary glaucoma?

Answer 4

primary glaucoma develops without apparent acquired disease and secondary develops due to an acquired disease

Question 5

What other ocular lesion is primary glaucoma typically associated with?

Answer 5

goniodysgenesis

Question 6

How does secondary glaucoma develop?

Answer 6

the acquired intra-ocular disease occludes the iridocorneal angle, obstructing aqueous humor resorption

Question 7

What lesions are caused by glaucoma?

Answer 7

retinal degeneraton, cavitation of the optic disk, buphthalmos, scleral injection, and corneal striae

Question 8

What part of the retina does glaucoma cause degeneration in?

Answer 8

the inner segments of the non-tapetal retina

Question 9

What are corneal striae?

Answer 9

streaks of edema due to small tears in Descemet’s membrane

Question 10

What is blastomycosis?

Answer 10

severe pyogranulomatous endophthalmitis

Question 11

What causes blastomycosis?

Answer 11

B. dermatitidis in the choroid, subretinal space, and vitreous chamber

Question 12

What intraocular neoplasms do dogs get?

Answer 12

uveal melanoma, ciliary body epithelial tumor, and lymphosarcoma

Question 13

What are some examples of retinal degeneration and atrophy that dogs get?

Answer 13

progressive RA and sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS)

Question 14

What is SARDS?

Answer 14

sudden onset of photoreceptor degeneration

Question 15

What type of neoplasms do canines get in their conjunctiva?

Answer 15

hemangiosarcoma and squamous cell carcinomas

Question 16

What is chalazion?

Answer 16

granulomatous meibomian gland adenitis and blepharitis

Question 17

What eyelid tumors do dogs get?

Answer 17

melanoma, meibomian gland tumors, and squamous cell carcinomas

Question 18

What ocular diseases do cats get?

Answer 18

ulcerative keratitis, chlamydial conjunctivitis, corneal sequestration, FIP uveitis, cryptococcosis, intra-ocular neoplasms, retinal degeneration

Question 19

What causes ulcerative keratitis?

Answer 19

feline herpesvirus

Question 20

What causes chlamydial conjunctivitis?

Answer 20

chlamydophila felis

Question 21

What is the pathogenesis of FIP uveitis?

Answer 21

begins with anterior uveitis, then panuveitis, then endophthalmitis

Question 22

What is cryptococcosis?

Answer 22

severe granulomatous endophthalmitis

Question 23

What causes cryptococcosis?

Answer 23

C. neoformans in choroid, subretinal space, and vitreous chamber

Question 24

What intraocular neoplasms do cats get?

Answer 24

diffuse iris melanoma, lymphosarcoma, and trauma-induced intra-ocular sarcoma

Question 25

What causes retinal degeneration in cats?

Answer 25

taurine deficiency and fluoroquinolone toxicosis

Question 26

What ocular diseases do horses get?

Answer 26

mycotic keratitis, squamous cell carcinoma, periocular nematode infection, and equine recurrent uveitis

Question 27

What is mycotic keratitis secondary to?

Answer 27

corneal erosions/ulcers

Question 28

What bacteria can cause mycotic keratitis in horses?

Answer 28

Aspergillus

Question 29

What can mycotic keratitis result in?

Answer 29

a perforated ulcer and endophthalmitis

Question 30

Where do squamous cell carcinomas typically manifest in horses?

Answer 30

the eyelids and 3rd eyelids

Question 31

What lesion is associated with periocular nematode infection?

Answer 31

eosinophilic granulomatous conjunctivitis/lacrimal adenitis

Question 32

What is thought to be the cause of equine recurrent uveitis?

Answer 32

a cross reaction of intrinsic uveal antigens with antibodys to leptospira antigens

Question 33

What ocular diseases do cows get?

Answer 33

infectious keratoconjunctivitis, squamous cell carcinoma, lymphosarcoma, and malignant catarrhal fever

Question 34

What is infectious keratoconjunctivitis?

Answer 34

pink eye

Question 35

What does infectious keratoconjunctivitis lead to?

Answer 35

perforation and iris prolapse

Question 36

Where do cows get squamous cell carcinomas?

Answer 36

on their eyelids

Question 37

What typically happens with ocular lymphosarcomas in cattle?

Answer 37

they are typically involved with the back of the eye which eventually pushes it out

Question 38

What causes malignant catarrhal fever?

Answer 38

ovine herpesvirus 2

Question 39

What does malignant catarrhal fever cause?

Answer 39

lymphoplasmacytic vasculitis and panuveitis