Step 1 And Step 2 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Community Diagnosis:-the process of finding out the _________ of a community (_____ + ______).
Like diagnosis of disease in an individual, __________ affecting the community and _______________ are identified.
health needs
diseases ; predisposing factors
Situation Analysis: the process of determining the _________ of the health & other sectors to _______ to the problems identified through _________________.
capacity
respond
community diagnosis.
• Baseline data: information collected and analysed at the ___________ of the planning process
beginning
Categories of information required for
community diagnosis/situation analysis
• ___________ information
• _____________ information, providing data for Health Status_____________ e.g. IMR
• Information on factors affecting health:
▫ __________, attitudinal, __________ factors
▫ __________ factors
▫ __________ factors
▫ __________ factors
• Health __________ Information - health services indicators, e.g. CPR; health manpower/facility
indicators (Situation of Existing Services)
Demographic ; Epidemiologic
Indicators ; Sociocultural
behavioural ; Economic
Environmental ; Geographical
Services
DEMOGRAPHIC INFO
Demography: ______________ of populations – size, structure, distribution & events
• _________ totals, _________ rate, _____
• _________ (composition by age, sex)
• _________ – popn density, rural/urban, effects of migration
• Events affecting populations: _________, _________, _________ & _________ - Vital Statistics, e.g. birth rate, death rate
Statistical study
Population ; Fertility ; RNI
Structure ; Distribution
births ; deaths
marriages ; divorces
RNI??
Rate of natural increase
RNI = ______-______
Birth rate - death rate
Fertility rate =??
Children per women
EPIDEMIOLOGIC INFORMATION
Epidemiology : study of the __________ , __________ and __________ of health & health-related events in human populations
• __________ of diseases and patterns
▫ Mortality, morbidity, disability rates
Who is affected (age, sex)?
Place?
Time?
This could be obtained from __________ or through __________ perceptions of health
distribution ; determinants
deterrents ; Prevalence
health indicators
community
FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH
• _____________ conditions: Family
compositions, principal occupations,
educational levels, housing, foods available, e.t.c.
• _________ features of the area with direct bearing on health
• ____________ features of the area and
implications for health
- Water sources/Waste disposal methods
• Cultural, attitudinal & behavioural factors affecting health
• Socio-economic conditions
• Geographical
• Environmental
HEALTH SERVICES DATA
A) Health Services _______
B) Health Services ___________
C) Service _________
Distribution
Utilization indices
gaps
METHODS OF OBTAINING INFO
i) __________ within Community
(ii) Discussion with __________ & other
stakeholders e.g. religious leaders
(iii) Review of ________ records
(iv) Administration of __________ -
surveys/census
(v) Study of documents e.g. __________
records, history of the community, maps etc.
Observation ; community leaders
clinic records ; questionnaire
LGA vital statistics
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
• Formal : health institutions, health staff, other ministries and govt records.
▫ _________ , _________, _________
• Informal : community leaders, teachers, head of household, etc.
Census
civil registers
inter census surveys
Civil registers are systems that record vital events like _____,________,________, and ___________
Birth
Death
Marriages
Divorces
WHY PRIORITIZE?
◼ From Step 1, a _____________________________________________________________ would be obtained
◼ It is not feasible/practicable to solve
every problem identified, hence the
need for prioritization
list of health and health-related problems requiring interventions
CRITERIA FOR PRIORITIZATION
◼ WHO ______ THE PROBLEM?
◼ WHO ___________ THE PROBLEM?
◼ __________ OF PROBLEM
◼ ________ OF HEALTH PROBLEM
◼ ________ OF INTERVENTION
◼____________ OF INTERVENTION
SEES
IS AFFECTED BY
MAGNITUDE
SEVERITY
COST; FEASIBILITY
CRITERIA FOR PRIORITIZATION
◼ WHO SEES THE PROBLEM?
(____________________ of impact of problem)
◼ Health worker _____
◼ Community members ____
◼ Both ____
Community awareness
1
2
3
CRITERIA (2)
◼ WHO IS AFFECTED BY THE PROBLEM?
◼ _______ 1
◼ _____________ 2
◼ ___________________ 3
Elderly
Young age groups
Both young & old
CRITERIA (3)
◼ MAGNITUDE OF PROBLEM-in terms of ________________
(incidence, point prevalence, etc)
◼ Low 1
◼ Medium 2
◼ High 3
number of people affected
CRITERIA (4)
◼ SEVERITY OF HEALTH PROBLEM –
Morbidity/mortality, case fatality, etc
- ________________, e.g. loss of
working hours/days 1 - _________________ 2
- __________________ 3
Little or no disability,
Marked/permanent disability
Death
CRITERIA (5)
◼ COST OF INTERVENTION
◼__________ 1
◼ __________ 2
◼__________ 3
Expensive
Moderate
Cheap
CRITERIA (6)
◼ FEASIBILITY OF INTERVENTION
Feasible in
◼ _______ term 1
◼ _______ term 2
◼ ________ term 3
Long term 1
Medium term 2
Short term 3
