Test 1 chapter 11 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Test 1 chapter 11 Deck (17)
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1
Q

3 stages of the GAS syndrome

A

Alarm
Resistance/Adaption
Exhaustion

2
Q

stressor triggers hypothalmic-pituitary adrenal axis

Activates sympathetic nervous system

A

Alarm stage

3
Q

mobilization to flight/flee/freeze

Adrenal hormones actions of cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

resistance/Adaptation

4
Q

if stress continues and adaption unsuccessful then progressive breakdown of compensatory mechanisms will happen and cause disease on set and impaired immune response and cardiac and renal failure and then death

A

exhaustion stage

5
Q

catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) short acting
Energy for self-preservation

A

stress SAM axis

6
Q

corticosteroids (cortisol) long acting, sustained

Perception of stress

A

stress HPA axis

7
Q

circulate bound to albumin

A

catecholamines

8
Q

catecholamine that is widespread, short action due to repaid metabolism

A

epinephrin

9
Q

regulates blood pressure by constricting smooth meuscle in all blood vessels
During stress it reissues blood pressure by constricting peripheral vessels, it dilates the pupils, cause piloerrection, and increases sweet gland action in the armpits and palms

A

norepinephrine

10
Q

causes transient hyperglycemia, decrease glucose uptake in the muscle and other organs and decreases insulin release from the pancreas

A

epinephrin

11
Q

Epinephrin cardiac effects

A

increase myocardial contractility
Increases heart rate
Increase venous return to the heart

12
Q

epinephrin binds to what receptors

A

Alpha and beta adrenergic receptors

13
Q

norepinephrine binds to what receptors

A

alpha adrenergic receptors

14
Q

epinephrine metabolic effects

A

Dilates skeletal muscle vessels which increases O2
Transient hyperglycemia
Decreases glucose uptake and insulin release
Mobilizes free fatty acids and cholesterol by stimulating lipolysis

15
Q

adaptive physiological response to stress

A

allostasis

16
Q

cumulative stress, individualized, “wear and tear” and lead to disease

A

Allostatic load

17
Q

Exaggerated pathophysiological response to stress
Increases Catecholamines, cort, proinflamitorry cytokines
Decreases PNS activity

A

allostatic overload