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Patho > Test 2 chapter 31 > Flashcards

Test 2 chapter 31 Flashcards

1
Q

starts the heart beat

pace maker of the heart

A

SA node

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2
Q

what side of the heart pumps blood though the lungs

A

the right side

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3
Q

what side of the heart sends blood throughout the systemic circulation, which supplies all of the body except the lungs

A

the left side

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4
Q

flow of the electrical system

A

SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, right and left bundle branch, Purkinje fibers

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5
Q

used to lubricate and protect the heart

A

pericardium

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6
Q

where are the coronary arteries located

A

the myocardium

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7
Q

chambers of the heart make up what system

A

the pump system

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8
Q

which side of the heart is a low pressure system

A

right side

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9
Q

which side of the heart is a high pressure system

A

left side

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10
Q

what valves open during ventricular relaxation

A

mitral and tricuspid valves

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11
Q

valves on the right side of heart

A

tricuspid and pulmonary semilunar valve

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12
Q

valves on the left side of heart

A

mitral and aortic semilunar valve

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13
Q

allow for the rapid transmission of electrical impulses

A

intercalated disks

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14
Q

blood vessels that are made of muscle

A

arteries

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15
Q

blood vessels that have valves

A

veins

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16
Q

internal component of blood vessels

A

lumen

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17
Q

internal layer of blood vessels

A

tunica intima

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18
Q

outside of blood vessel

A

tunica externa

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19
Q

the right heart receives venous deoxygenated blood from the systemic circulation through what

A

the superior and inferior vena cava

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20
Q

transports unoxygenated blood from the right heart to the right and left lungs

A

pulmonary arteries

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21
Q

two from the left lung and two from the rich flung, carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart

A

pulmonary veins

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22
Q

when blood fills the ventricles

A

diastole

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23
Q

when blood is propelled out of the the ventricles and into the pulmonary and systemic circulation

A

systole

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24
Q

phase where Ca slowly enter the cell

early repolarization

A

phase 1

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25
phase where Ca and NA slowly enter cell | continued replarization
phase 2
26
phase where K moves out of cell
phase 3
27
return to resting membrane potential phase
phase 4
28
phase where Na rapidly enters cell | depolarization
phase 0
29
senses pressures in the different chambers
swan ganz catheter
30
what are the two major coronary arteries
right and left coronary artery
31
Feed the right side of heart, both atrium and ventricle | Feeds SA and AV nodes
right coronary artery
32
feeds left atrium | Splits into circumflex and left anterior descending artery
left main coronary artery
33
feeds around and back of heart
circumflex
34
feeds the anterior of heart and septum
left anterior descending artery
35
electrical activation
depolarization
36
electrical deactivation
Repolarization
37
the property of generating spontaneous depolarization to threshold, enables the SA and AV nodes to generate cardiac action potentials without andy stimulus
automaticity
38
is the regular generation of action potential by the hearts conduction system
rhythmicity
39
represents atrial depolarization
P wave
40
represents ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
QRS wave
41
represents ventricular repolarization
T wave
42
increase electrical conductivity and the straight of the myocardial contraction Increase HR, BP and ejection fraction
sympathetic nerves
43
slows down conduction of action potentials though the heart, and reduces the strength of contraction Only comes for vegus nerve
parasympathetic nerves
44
adrenergic receptors that cause vasoconstriction
alpha 1 and beta 1
45
adrenergic receptors that cause vasodilation
alpha 2 and beta 2
46
fill
preload
47
resistance pressure | how hard is has to beat to get out
afterload
48
how hard the heart is actually squeezing | Measured by ejection fraction
myocardial contractility
49
the stroke volume of the heart increases in response to an increase in the volume of blood filling the heart (the end of diastolic volume) when all other factors remain constant
frank-starling law
50
is the volume of blood flowing through either the systemic or the pulmonary circuit and is expressed in liters per minute
cardiac output
51
what makes up stroke volume
preload afterload contractility
52
make up preload
end systolic volume | venous return
53
make up after load
aortic pressure | aortic valvular function
54
make up contractility
end diastolic volume sympathetic stimulation myocardial oxygen supply
55
regulates Na excretion (natriuresis), diuresis, vasodilation
natriuretic peptide
56
increase NA excretion (via urination) and lowers BP
atrial natriuretic peptide
57
excreted from cardiac cells due to excessive stretching . works similarly to ANP
Brain natriuretic peptide
58
highly concentrated in endothelium, mediator of vasodilation
C-type natriuretic peptide
59
intrarenal regulation of sodium and water balance and sodium excretion
urodilantin
60
Hot spot imaging indicates
MI with active infarction
61
cold spot imaging indicates
MI with death
62
invasive test used for looking at electrical function
atrioventicular bundle electrocardiograph
63
invasive test used for looking at pump function
cardiac catheterization
64
invasive test used for looking at blood flow
coronary angiography
65
Hardening of the vessel wall | CAn come from fat or calcium
arteriosclerosis
66
Plaque within the arterial wall | Fatty build up
Atherosclerosis

Patho (19 decks)

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