Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology 107 > Test 2 - Chapters 8-9 > Flashcards

Test 2 - Chapters 8-9 Flashcards

(62 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

_________ Reproduction

Any type of reproduction that does not require the fusion of gametes

A

Asexual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

(_________ = sex cells)

A

gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

_________ Reproduction

Reproduction that requires the combination of genetic material from 2 individuals to create a third individual

A

Sexual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  • Life Cycle- -Sexual Reproduction
  • _________ of gametes (egg and sperm fusing together)
  • Cell division and growth
  • Production of gametes
  • Death
A

Fertilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • Life Cycle- -Sexual Reproduction
  • Fertilization of gametes (egg and sperm fusing together)
  • Cell division and _________
  • Production of gametes
  • Death
A

growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • Life Cycle- -Sexual Reproduction
  • Fertilization of gametes (egg and sperm fusing together)
  • Cell division and growth
  • Production of _________
  • Death
A

gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  • Life Cycle- -Sexual Reproduction
  • Fertilization of gametes (egg and sperm fusing together)
  • Cell division and growth
  • Production of gametes
  • _________
A

Death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

All life depends on the capacity of cells to _________

A

divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

_________ begins with the division of a single cell

A

Reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

_________ - Body cells

A

Mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

_________ :

Cell division in which two genetically identical new cells are formed from one old cell

A

Mitosis - Body cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mitosis is used by _________ organisms to increase the number of cells

A

multicellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

_________ - Gametes

A

Meiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

_________ :

Cell division that cuts the genetic material in half and produces gametes

A

Meiosis - Gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

_________ are large molecules of DNA

A

Chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Each of our cells has ___ chromosomes

A

46

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Prior to the division of the nucleus each chromosome is _________

A

duplicated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Each new chromosome is _________ to the old chromosome

A

attached

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

_________ :

When a chromosome is duplicated the two molecules of DNA are called _________

A
  • Sister Chromatid

- chromatids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The _________ is where the two chromatids are attached to one another

A

centromere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

During _________

The chromosome number is maintained for the _________ at hand

A
  • mitosis

- species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_________:

Have two copies of each type of chromosome

A

Diploid Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

_________ is not part of mitosis

A

interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

_________

The time interval when the cell increases in size

A

Interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Three subdivisions of the _________ - G1 - S - Synthesis - G2
interphase
26
_________ : | When the cell is going to divide
Mitosis
27
-Four stages of mitosis- _________ : - Beginning of mitosis - Chromosome are now visible, appear to be SCATTERED - Spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes - End of prophase the nucleus falls apart
Prophase
28
-Four stages of mitosis- _________ : The chromosomes are lined up
Metaphase
29
-Four stages of mitosis- _________ : The chromosomes are separated Shorten and pull the chromosomes apart
Anaphase
30
-Four stages of mitosis- _________ : - Two masses of chromosomes at opposite ends of the cell - Each of masses will become a new nucleus
Telophase
31
_________ - to split the cell
Cytokinesis
32
_________ (undifferentiated cell)
Cancer
33
_________ : - Unchecked reproduction of cells by mitosis - All of the cells in cancer resemble immature or undifferentiated cells
Cancer
34
_________ : | A mass of undifferentiated cells not normally found where it's at
Tumor
35
_________ : | A non-encapsulated growth of tumor cells that is harmful and may spread easily to other parts of the body
Malignant Tumor
36
_________ : | An encapsulated growth of tumor cells that tends to reproduce slowly and only becomes harmful with size
Benign Tumor
37
_________ : | Spreading of cancer
Metastasis
38
_________ : | The use of chemicals to help treat a disease or symptoms
Chemotherapy
39
Causes of _________ - UV rays, the sun - Chemicals (Carcinogens) - Diet - Viruses - Hormonal Imbalance - Genetics
Cancer
40
Warning signs of _________ - A change in bowel or bladder habits - A sore that wont heal - Unusual bleeding or discharge - A thickening or lump - Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing - An obvious change in a wart or mole A nagging cough or hoarseness
Cancer
41
How cancer cells spread Cancer cells break off from the original tumor and enter the _________
bloodstream
42
Organisms that reproduce _________ rely on chromosome duplication and mitotic cell division
asexually
43
One parent passes a duplicate of its genetic information to its offspring -offspring are genetically identical to the parent - _________
Clone
44
diploid number - ___
46
45
In sexual reproduction, each parent contributes _________ gene for each trait
one
46
Genes for each trait come in slightly different forms called _________
Alleles
47
_________ - Female sex cell
Egg
48
_________ - Male sex cell
Sperm
49
_________ - General term applied to either sex cell
Gamete
50
_________ - The cellular process that is responsible generating gametes (meiosis)
Gametogenesis
51
_________ - The fusing of the sperm and egg together
Fertilization
52
_________ - The cell that results from fertilization
Zygote
53
Meiosis begins with _________ diploid (2n) germ cell and produces _________ haploid (n) gametes
- ONE | - FOUR
54
[_________ = half the number of chromosomes]
haploid
55
Meiosis produces _________ that have half of each chromosome pairs
gametes
56
_________ - An exchange of DNA between different chromosomes
Crossing Over
57
_________ - Any change in the DNA. The ultimate source of new variations
Mutation
58
_________ - Variations are produced do to genetically different gametes fusing during fertilization
Fertilization
59
-Males- _________ - Meiosis that results in Sperm
Spermatogenesis
60
-Males- Spermatogenesis produces four _________ sperm cells from every diploid, germ cell
haploid
61
-Females- _________ - Meiosis that produces eggs
Oogenesis
62
-Females- Oogenesis produces 1 haploid _________ and 3 haploid _________ bodies from every diploid germ cell - The ovum will mature into the egg
- ovum | - polar

Biology 107 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions