Unit 20

Question 1

took over Presidency upon JFK’s assassination (1963-68)

Answer 1

Lyndon Johnson

Question 2

phrase used by LBJ to describe his attempt to eliminate poverty in US

Answer 2

“war on poverty”

Question 3

Outlawed discrimination in public transport and facilities (hotels, restaurants)

Answer 3

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Question 4

nationally funded medical coverage for elderly created by LBJ

Answer 4

Medicare

Question 5

nationally funded medical care for low-income citizens created by LBJ

Answer 5

Medicaid

Question 6

mandated federal oversight of elections in South

Answer 6

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Question 7

early school start for 3 year olds in low income families

Answer 7

Head Start

Question 8

8/64: US destroyer Maddox exchanged fire with North Vietnamese; resulted in LBJ expanding the war in Vietnam

Answer 8

Gulf of Tonkin Incident

Question 9

Communist guerrillas in South Vietnam

Answer 9

Vietcong (VC—aka “Charlie”)

Question 10

Regular North Vietnamese Army that fought along border (DMZ: demilitarized zone) between North and South Vietnam

Answer 10

North Vietnamese Army (NVA)

Question 11

communist supply trail that ran through Laos and Cambodia into South Vietnam

Answer 11

Ho Chi Minh Trail

Question 12

US strategy of establishing enclaves and searching South Vietnamese countryside for VC

Answer 12

“search and destroy”

Question 13

code name for saturation bombing of Vietnam by US Air Force

Answer 13

Operation Rolling Thunder

Question 14

Young liberals who tried to distance themselves from traditional Democrats who weren’t fulfilling American ideals

Answer 14

“New” Left

Question 15

student group that wrote Port Huron Statement; believed in greater democracy, more civil rights, and more equitable distribution of wealth

Answer 15

Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)

Question 16

Nickname for group that rebelled against social mainstream; most represented by “hippie” movement

Answer 16

The Counterculture

Question 17

district in San Francisco that was center of the Counterculture

Answer 17

Haight-Ashbury

Question 18

Comprised of those who lost patience with non-violent, gradualist approach of MLK

Answer 18

Black Power Movement

Question 19

part of Black Power movement and Nation of Islam; believed in black self-defense and immediate equality with whites

Answer 19

Malcolm X

Question 20

originally part of Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, he later formed more militant Black Panther Party

Answer 20

Stokely Carmichael

Question 21

Murder of app. 350-500 South Vietnamese civilians (mostly women, children) by platoon led by William Calley

Answer 21

My Lai Massacre

Question 22

most famous protest of Vietnam War; Ohio National Guard kills 4 student protesters on college campus

Answer 22

Kent State, 1970

Question 23

massive 1968 offensive by VC and NVA; resulted in public opinion in US turning against war

Answer 23

Tet Offensive

Question 24

civil rights leader assassinated in 1968 in Memphis

Answer 24

Martin Luther King

Question 25

Democratic presidential candidate assassinated in 1968 after having won California primary

Answer 25

Robert Kennedy

Question 26

resulted in division within Democratic Party between pro-war and anti-war factions

Answer 26

Democratic National Convention 1968

Question 27

ran as American-Independent in 1968; was anti-integration, anti-Great Society, anti-counterculture

Answer 27

George Wallace

Question 28

nickname for LBJ's domestic program

Answer 28

Great Society

Question 29

Republican Party candidate in 1968

Answer 29

Richard Nixon

Question 30

term that described the plan to train South Vietnamese to take over war effort

Answer 30

Vietnamization

Question 31

term that describes diplomatic attempts to improve US-Chinese relations under Nixon

Answer 31

“ping-pong diplomacy”

Question 32

term to describe easing of tensions with USSR under Nixon

Answer 32

Détente

Question 33

treaty between US and USSR that froze nuclear weapons at current (1972) levels

Answer 33

SALT: Strategic Arms Limitations Treaty (1972)

Question 34

unusual circumstance of high unemployment AND high inflation under Nixon

Answer 34

Stagflation

Question 35

Nickname for scandal that caused Nixon to re-sign in 1974

Answer 35

Watergate

Question 36

Committee to Re-Elect the President; its "burglars" attempted to steal campaign secrets from the Democrats

Answer 36

CREEP

Question 37

became President after resignation of Richard Nixon

Answer 37

Gerald Ford

Question 38

book by Rachel Carson that raised concerns about the use of pesticides in agriculture; credited with starting modern environmental movement

Answer 38

Silent Spring

Question 39

founded in 1966 by Betty Friedan and Shirley Chisolm, it is the largest women's organization that works to secure political, professional, and educational equality for women

Answer 39

National Organization of Women (NOW)