Unit 8 Flashcards
Refers to the growing division between North and South from the founding of the nation until the Civil War
sectionalism
comprised of northern Democrats and Whigs who did NOT want end of slavery—just none in west so whites would not have to compete with them for jobs
Free-Soil Movement
the idea that the people who settled a territory should decide the issue of slavery for that territory by voting
popular sovereignty
1st proposed by Henry Clay; meant to resolve the dispute over the admission of California and New Mexico as free states
Compromise of 1850
as part of the Compromise of 1850, it said the federal government would be responsible for hunting down runaway slaves; captured persons were denied trial by jury
Fugitive Slave Law
proposed by Stephen Douglas (railroad), it divided Nebraska territory into Kansas and Nebraska and allowed popular sovereignty in each place; this effectively nullified the Missouri Compromise line and upset anti-slavery northerners
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
system developed by some abolitionists to aid runaway slaves on their journeys north (usually to Canada)
Underground Railroad
escaped slave who helped run Underground Railroad
Harriet Tubman
Supreme Court case which caused increased sectionalism because slaves were deemed property and because it declared Missouri Compromise line unconstitutional
Dred Scot vs. Sandford (1857)
novel which played upon stereotypes to appeal to anti-slavery feelings of northerners
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852)
anti-slavery novel which attacked slavery from an economic standpoint (said slavery impeded industrial development)
The Impending Crisis in the South (1857)
author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Harriet Tubman
author of Impending Crisis in the South
Hinton Helper
pro-slavery novel which argued paternalistic slavery protected blacks from becoming “wage slaves” in north
Cannibals All! (1857)
author of Cannibals All!
George Fitzhugh
term that referred to violence between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces in Kansas
Bleeding Kansas
federal arsenal in Virginia raided by John Brown in his attempt to start a massive slave revolt in 1859
Harper’s Ferry
radical abolitionist whose raid of Harper’s Ferry resulted in his execution
John Brown
political party comprised of “conscience Whigs” and anti-slavery Democrats; wanted no expansion of slavery into territories
Free Soil Party
one of the two political parties in the 2nd Party system, it died out in the 1850s because it never took a clear stance on slavery
Whig Party
northern political party comprised of nativists (old Protestants) who hated Irish Catholic and German Catholic immigrants; took votes from Whigs thus contributing to Whig decline
American Party (“Know-Nothings”)
political party that formed as direct result of Kansas-Nebraska Act; comprised of groups who opposed slavery or its extension (Free Soilers, conscience Whigs, anti-slavery Democrats, radical abolitionists
Republican Party
idea promoted by early Republican Party that said slavery was economically inefficient
free labor ideology
Democratic senator from Illinois who believed in popular sovereignty; ran against Lincoln for presidency in 1860
Stephen Douglas
