Unit 5

Question 1

consciousness

Answer 1

our awareness of ourselves and our environments

Question 2

circadian rhythm

Answer 2

the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24 hour cycle

Question 3

REM sleep

Answer 3

rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. The muscles are relaxed, but other body systems are active

Question 4

alpha waves

Answer 4

the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

Question 5

sleep

Answer 5

periodic, natural loss of consciousness

Question 6

hallucinations

Answer 6

false sensory experiences, such as something in the absence of an external visual stimuli

Question 7

delta waves

Answer 7

the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

Question 8

NREM sleep

Answer 8

non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep.

Question 9

insomnia

Answer 9

recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

Question 10

narcolepsy

Answer 10

a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may laps directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune moments.

Question 11

sleep apnea

Answer 11

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

Question 12

night terrors

Answer 12

a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep. they are seldom remembered.

Question 13

dream

Answer 13

a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping persons mind. They are usually hallucinatory.

Question 14

manifest content

Answer 14

according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream

Question 15

latent content

Answer 15

according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream

Question 16

REM Rebound

Answer 16

the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (waking people up during REM)

Question 17

hypnosis

Answer 17

a social interaction in which a hypnotist suggests to a subject that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur

Question 18

post hypnotic suggestion

Answer 18

a suggestion made during hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized.

Question 19

dissociation

Answer 19

a split, in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behavior to occur simultaneously with others

Question 20

psycho active drug

Answer 20

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

Question 21

tolerance

Answer 21

the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug

Question 22

withdrawal

Answer 22

the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug

Question 23

physical dependence

Answer 23

a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued

Question 24

psychological dependence

Answer 24

a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions

Question 25

addiction

Answer 25

compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences

Question 26

depressants

Answer 26

drugs (such as alcohol) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Question 27

barbiturates

Answer 27

drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement

Question 28

opiates

Answer 28

opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

Question 29

stimulants

Answer 29

drugs (such as caffeine, and nicotine) that excite neural activity.

Question 30

amphetamines

Answer 30

drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Question 31

methamphetamine

Answer 31

stimulates the central nervous system, speeds up body functions, associated energy and mood changes

Question 32

ecstasy (MDMA)

Answer 32

a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy.

Question 33

hallucinogens

Answer 33

psychedelic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.

Question 34

LSD

Answer 34

A POWERFUL HALLUCINOGENIC DRUG; ALSO ACID

Question 35

near-death experience

Answer 35

an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death. Also caused by hallucinogens.

Question 36

THC

Answer 36

the major addictive ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinogens

Question 37

we go through various stages of sleep in about ..... cycles

Answer 37

90 minute cycles

Question 38

sleep stages 1-2 has ____ waves

Answer 38

theta waves. high amplitude, slow, and regular

Question 39

deep sleep stages 3 has _____ waves

Answer 39

delta waves. large amplitude, slow

Question 40

REM Sleep (stage 4) has ____ waves

Answer 40

beta waves. low amplitude, fast

Question 41

insomnia

Answer 41

persistent problems in falling or staying asleep

Question 42

narcolepsy

Answer 42

uncontrollable sleep attacks.

Question 43

sleep apnea

Answer 43

temporary cessations of breathing. momentary sleep awakenings

Question 44

Night Terror

Answer 44

sudden arousal from sleep. usually accompanied by rapid heart rate, perspiration

Question 45

nightmare

Answer 45

vivid dream depicting something very scary indeed ;)

Question 46

Activation Synthesis Theory

Answer 46

Dreams organize the inevitable random neural activity during sleep

Question 47

Cognitive Development Dream Theory

Answer 47

we dream for brain maturation and cognitive development

Question 48

Freud's Wish-fulfillment Dream Theory

Answer 48

Dreams allow us to express otherwise unacceptable fantasies

Question 49

Information-Processing Dream Theory

Answer 49

Dreams help us sort out the day's events and consolidate our memories

Question 50

Physiological Function

Answer 50

Regular Brain Stimulation from REM sleep may help develop and preserve neural pathways

Question 51

Hallucinogens can cause .......

Answer 51

NEAR DEATH EXPERIENCES ;)

Question 52

Dualism

Answer 52

mind and body are two separate entities

Question 53

Monism

Answer 53

mind and body are one

Question 54

The three types of psychoactive drugs are....

Answer 54

depressants stimulants hallucinogens