Week 6 - Homework Flashcards
Our body clearly loses water in a variety of ways, but why is urine NOT an obligatory loss but feces ARE?
a. We have hormones that manage water loss and urine production, we do not have equivalent hormones regulating feces water content.
b. We voluntarily control what we drink so we can control when we urinate, but this is not true for feces.
c. We lose a lot more volume of water in feces than we do in urine, and this makes the loss obligatory.
d. We have fiber in our diet that helps regulate how much water is contained in our feces and thus it is obligatory.
a. We have hormones that manage water loss and urine production, we do not have equivalent hormones regulating feces water content.
Identify the cause(s) of edema
a. All listed options could cause edema.
b. Liver disease leading to reduced plasma protein production.
c. Blocked lymphatic vessels.
d. High blood pressure.
e. Leaking of plasma protein into interstitial space.
a. All listed options could cause edema.
Which of the following would NOT be a sign or symptom of hyperaldosteronism? See the Case Study assigned for this week to explore this process at a conceptual level.
a. Metabolic acidosis.
b. High plasma sodium.
c. Low hematocrit.
d. High urine potassium.
e. Low urine pH.
a. Metabolic acidosis.
What electrolyte is critical in triggering release of neurotransmitters into the synapse?
a. Chloride.
b. Calcium.
c. Potassium.
d. Magnesium.
e. Sodium.
b. Calcium.
When a person rapidly consumes large volumes of water what negative health impacts can result?
a. Dilution of extracellular fluid.
b. All listed options could result.
c. Hypotonic hydration.
d. Water intoxication.
e. Cellular edema.
b. All listed options could result.
What hormone(s) impact the activity of the collecting duct? Consider the homework page 16 for perspective on this question.
a. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
b. ADH and aldosterone.
c. Aldosterone.
b. ADH and aldosterone.
Which of the following pairs are insensible losses of fluid?
a. Lungs and skin.
b. Sweat and urine.
c. Metabolism and feces.
d. Feces and urine.
e. Sweat and feces.
a. Lungs and skin.
What electrolyte is an anion and plays a role in acid-base balance?
a. Calcium.
b. Potassium.
c. Magnesium.
d. Phosphate.
e. Chloride
e. Chloride
What two electrolytes are particularly important in the structure of bones and teeth?
a. Calcium and magnesium.
b. Potassium and calcium.
c. Phosphate and calcium.
d. Magnesium and calcium.
e. Chloride and phosphorus.
c. Phosphate and calcium.
Which of the following is NOT an intracellular electrolyte in high concentration?
a. Magnesium ions.
b. Bicarbonate ions.
c. Anionic proteins.
d. Phosphate ions.
e. Potassium ions.
b. Bicarbonate ions.
What two electrolytes are commonly used as cofactors?
a. Calcium and chloride.
b. Magnesium and sodium.
c. Sodium and potassium.
d. Chloride and sodium.
e. Magnesium and calcium.
e. Magnesium and calcium.
What compartment (either individual OR combined) represents the largest volume of body fluids?
a. Intracellular fluid.
b. Plasma.
c. Extracellular fluid.
d. Interstitial fluid.
a. Intracellular fluid.
What electrolyte is important in blood clotting?
a. Magnesium.
b. Chloride.
c. Sodium.
d. Calcium.
e. Phosphate.
d. Calcium.
What electrolyte is a major regulator of acid-base balance in the body?
a. Potassium.
b. Bicarbonate.
c. Phosphate.
d. Sodium.
e. Magnesium.
b. Bicarbonate.
