Zach Stubby's Heavy Hitters - Primary Systems Part 2 Flashcards

(143 cards)

1
Q

What are the RHR boration requirements?

A

→RHR boron concentration is greater than OR equal to RCS boron concentration
OR
→Both RHR and RCS boron concentrations are greater than 2400 ppm
OR
→RHR boron concentration is greater than required cold shutdown boron concentration AND at least one RCP (1 or 4 preferred) is operating.

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2
Q

What interlocks are associated to manually open 8811, Containment Sump to RHR Pump Suction Valve?

Other info about 8811s?

A

Interlocks:
→8812 closed - RWST to RHR Pump Suction
→8701 or 8702 closed - Loop Suction Isolation Valves must be closed

Other Info:
→auto open on Lo-Lo RWST level 33% with SI signal (both blue lights on panel)
→relief valve lifts at 475 psig
→powered by uEB3-2 (Tr A) and eEB4-2 (Tr B)

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3
Q

What interlocks are associated with 8701 and 8702 Loops 1 & 4 Suction Isolation Valves?

A

→u-8811A/B closed - Containment Sump to RHR Pump Suction Isolation Valve
→u-8812A/B closed - RWST to RHR Pump Suction Valve
→u-8804A/B closed - RHR Pump to CCP/SIP Suction Valve
→RCS pressure from u-PT-405/403 must be <364 psig
→interlocks bypassed if opening from Remote Shutdown Panel

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4
Q

What are the RHR Pump auto starts?
What will trip a running RHR Pump?

A

→auto starts on Safety Injection with SIS (at 10 sec)
→trips on undervoltage or overcurrent (instantaneous or delayed)

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5
Q

TS 3.9.5 RHR High Water Level (Mode 6)

A

One RHR loop shall be OPERABLE and in operation in MODE 6 with the water level ≥ 23 feet above the top of the reactor vessel.

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6
Q

TS 3.9.6 RHR Low Water Level (Mode 6)

A

Two RHR loops shall be OPERABLE and one RHR loop shall be in operation in MODE 6 with the water level < 23 feet above the top of the reactor vessel flange

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7
Q

Which conditions, per TS 3.5.2 and SOP-102, will cause dual train inoperability?

A

→Closing either train cross connect valve u-8716A or -B in MODE 1, 2 or 3 will render both trains of RHR INOPERABLE.
→Closing either cold leg injection valve u-8809A or -B in MODE 1, 2 or 3 will render both trains of RHR INOPERABLE.

OR

→Opening hot leg injection valve u-8840
→Opening RHRP discharge to RWST isolation valve u-8717 (alarms on SSII if not closed)

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8
Q

Containment Sump to RHR Suction Valves u-8811A/B open automatically when…

A

the RWST reaches its LO-LO alarm at 33% level and RHR swap over permissive (blue light) in, indicating SI signal is present.

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9
Q

When is RHR put into service?

A

put in service <350°F and <350 psig (per IPO-005)
→suction piping limited to <350°F and <400 psig
→RCS pressure from u-PT-405/403 must be <364 psig before valves can be opened

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10
Q

Power Supplies for Hot Leg Suction Valves (u-8701A/8702A and 8701B/8702B)

A

→8701A/B are A Train Electrical
→8702A/B are B Train Electrical
→Mechanical A for A, B for B

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11
Q

What happens if we get a blackout while we are in Cold Leg or Hot Leg Recirc?

A

→RHR pumps trip and do not sequence back on with the BOS
→RHR Pumps have Operator Lockout
→CCPs and SIPs lose their suction source (SIPs also trip on BO and don’t restart)
→must turn off CCPs to prevent damage
→would have to manually restart RHRPs after BOS OL times out, and then restart CCPs

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12
Q

RHR Miniflow Valves u-FCV-610 & 611

A

→500 gpm minimum
→outlet of RHR HX to suction of RHR Pump
→FT on pump discharge
→opens at 746 gpm
→closes at 1402
→powered from uEB1-1 (610) and uEB4-1 (611)

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13
Q

RHR HX Flow Control Valves u-HCV-606 & 607

A

→full open in standby
→fail open on loss of air or power uPC1/uPC4

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14
Q

RHR HX Bypass Valves u-FCV-618 & 619

A

→controls total system flow to 3950 gpm
→normally closed when in standby; maintained in manual and closed with 0% demand
→fail closed on loss of air or power
→powered through uPC1 and uPC4 with backup from uC1 (from process control cabinet 05/06)

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15
Q

RHR Design Basis

A

→bring plant from 350° F to 140° F in 24 hrs
→single train able to remove residual heat once Rx has been shut down for 150 hrs
→low head ECCS injection

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16
Q

SI Pumps & Recirc Valves

A

→Shutoff head is ~ 1558 psid
→Intermediate Head Injection at 1520 psig
→Recirculation Valves 8814A and B are both Train A power supplies
→Recirculation valve 8813 is powered from Train B
→Alarm occurs if SIP Suction valve (8806) not open above P-11, followed by another alarm 45 mins later if valve still not open
→auto starts on SI and SIS (no auto start on BO)
→trips on bus undervoltage, 86M lockout on motor breaker from overcurrent

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17
Q

RHR Pump Injection Flow & Pump Facts

A

→begins flow at ≈200 psig (approx shutoff head)
→≈4900 gpm at depressurized
→minimum flow required for seals = 500 gpm
→auto-starts on SI with SIS (NO auto-start on blackout)
→receives BOS auto-lockout for 109 sec

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18
Q

Accumulators Injection Pressure and Tech Spec Requirements

A

→623 - 644 psig, pressurize with N2
→boron concentration 2300-2600 ppm
→39% - 61% level per TDM (6119 gal to 6597 gal)
→Alarm occurs if outlet valves not open above P-11 (1960 psig), followed by another alarm 45 minutes later if valves still not open
→assumed that 3 accumulators will inject and fill reactor downcomer, lower plenum, and half the core while 1 accumulator will spill out onto the floor

Note: accumulator pressure can vary with changes in level or temperature. For this reason, level should always be adjusted before adjusting pressure.

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19
Q

RWST Tech Spec Requirements

A

Modes 1-4
→Temp: 40°F to 120°F, fix within 8 hrs
→Boron: 2400-2600 ppm, fix within 8 hrs
→Level: 473,731 ( >95% per TS Bases), fix within 1 hour

Note: If low temp alarm comes in (≈45°), recirc through containment spray pumps to warm it up.

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20
Q

Cold Leg Injection Flow Path & Suction Headers

A

→Flowpath from RWST thru all pumps to cold legs
→Separate 12” suction header for CCPs
→SIPs, RHR Pumps and CS Pumps tap off separate 24” suction header

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21
Q

SI Accumulator outlet valves 8808A-D

A

→required to be open and de-energized when RCS >1,000 psig
→auto-open on SI signal or P-11 (1960 psig)
→inject from 650 psig down to 200 psig
→keyed switches however the key only prevents closing the valve, the valve can be opened at any time in manual
→Accumulator fill line valves (8964, 8888 and 8871 close on phase A)

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22
Q

Accumulator outlet valves (8808A-D) automatically open on

A

→P-11 (1960#)

OR

→SI Signal

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23
Q

Design Basis Accidents

A

→Rod Ejection Accident: leads to LOCA and reactivity event
→Large Break LOCA - Pipe breaks in the Reactor Coolant System which cause leakage greater than the capacity of the normal makeup system, up to and including the instantaneous double ended severance of the largest diameter pipe in the RCS
→Faulted S/G - shrinkage of the reactor coolant from the rapid cooldown due to a steam or feed line break, up to and including the instantaneous rupture of the largest pipe in the steam system (positive reactivity also added due to temperature reduction
→S/G Tube Rupture

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24
Q

Active & Passive Failure Definitions and 10CFR50 Failure Allowances

A

10CFR50:
→one active failure allowed during injection phase
→one active OR passive failure allowed during long-term recirculation, 24 hrs
→worst case single active failure is a loss of a Safeguards Bus

Definitions:
→active failure is a “malfunction, excluding passive failures, of a component that relies on mechanical movement to complete its intended function upon request.”
→passive failure is “a failure of a component to maintain its structural integrity or the blockage of a process flow path.”

(defined by ANS 58.9 “Single Failure Criteria for Light Water Reactor Safety Related Fluid Systems”)

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25
How long does it take to drain the RWST to 33%?
Flow estimates on large break LOCA: ≈14-15 minutes to get to 33% with approximately 22,000 gpm flowing out →CS Pumps: 3,000 gpm/pump for total of 12,000 gpm →RHR Pumps: 4,000 gpm/pump for total of 8,000 gpm →SI Pumps: 700 gpm/pump for total of 1,400 gpm →CCPs: 300 gpm/pump for total of 600 gpm
26
ECCS Valve Interlocks
27
What causes a Safety Injection Signal?
→Low PZR pressure 1820 psig (2/4), can be manually blocked
28
Safety Injection Actuations
CVCS: →CCPs start (time 0 on SIS) →LCV-112D & 112E RWST to CCP suction valves open →8801A & 8801B CCP discharge valves open →8105 & 8106 charging flow isolation valves close →LCV-112B & 112C CCP suction from VCT close (once 112D or E full open) →H2 and N2 supply valves to PDP suction stabilizer close →8110 & 8111 normal CCP miniflow close →8511A & 8511B alternate CCP miniflow valves open SI: →SI pumps start (time 5 sec on SIS) RHR: →RHR pumps start (time 10 sec on SIS) SI Accumulators: →accumulator isolation valves receive open signal BUT are maintained open and de-energized when RCS >1,000 psig Spent Fuel Cooling: →RWST discharge to SFPC valves close
29
What's the difference between SI Accumulator boron requirements and RWST boron requirements?
→SI Accumulators - 2300-2600 →RWST - 2400-2600
30
CCPs
→shutoff head 2590 psig →lube oil cooled by SSW →high head injection 2485 psig (recirc relief to RWST lifts at 2200#) →auto-start on SI with SIS, BOS →trip on bus undervoltage, 86M on motor breaker from overcurrent
31
What happens if we get a blackout while we are in Cold Leg or Hot Leg Recirc?
→RHR pumps trip and do not sequence back on with the BOS →RHR Pumps have Operator Lockout →CCPs and SIPs lose their suction source (SIPs also trip on BO and don't restart) →must turn off CCPs to prevent damage →would have to manually restart RHRPs after BOS OL times out, and then restart CCPs
32
If no CCW available to the RHR HX, the affected train can only be used for...
...injection phase. should not pump water >120° without CCW
33
Tech Spec 3.5.2 ECCS - Operating
Two trains shall be operable in MODES 1‐3 →exception allowed to isolate both SI flowpaths for 2 hours for valve testing in MODE 3 When coming up to NOP/NOT from shutdown: →both SI pumps required to be inoperable below 350°F for LTOP →therefore, SI pumps must be inoperable while changing from Mode 4 to Mode 3 →allowed for 4 hours OR before RCS temp >375°F, whichever comes first →one train of CCP inop - 7 days to restore →one or more train inoperable other than CCP but you can still guarantee 100% ECCS flow - 72 hours
34
Tech Spec 3.5.3 ECCS - Shutdown
One ECCS train shall be operable in MODE 4 →an RHR train in SDC can be considered operable for this spec →assumes train can be realigned to the injection flowpath →concerned with RHR suction temperature and voiding when realigned to the RWST →cannot consider RHR in shutdown cooling for this spec when temperature is >200F →SIPs are not required in this spec due to requirements of LTOP →one train RHR inop - immediately take action to restore to operable →one CCP OOS - restore within 1 hour
35
What's the difference between containment sump level detectors and RVLIS level detectors?
→RVLIS - heated thermocouples →containment sumps - heated and non-heated RTDs (measure every foot from 808' to 817' and also 817'6"
36
CCW Surge Tank Level HI-HI Alarm
Hi-Hi Level Alarm Unit 1: ≥ 88% Unit 2: ≥ 75% Refer to ABN-502 for leakage into CCW system.
37
CCW Surge Tk Normal Level Band? Normal Makeup Supply?
Normal Level: Unit 1: 65-77% Unit 2: 46-65% →Alarms to alert operator of level lowering & to initiate makeup →Normal makeup is RMUW (lower dissolved O2) with Demin water as alternate →Operator can open an individual compartment makeup valve or both, but must open 4500-1, RMUW MU VLV, to makeup to either compartment. →Alarm to alert operator that 4500-1 is open
38
CCW Surge Tank Train A/B Empty Alarm
CCW Surge Tank Train A/B Empty: Unit 1: ≤ 57% Unit 2: ≤ 33% AUTOMATIC ACTIONS: →u-HV-4512, U1 Safeguards Loop Train A CCW Return Valve closes →u-HV-4514, U1 Safeguards Loop Train A CCW Supply Valve closes OR →u-HV-4513, U1 Safeguards Loop Train B CCW Return Valve closes →u-HV-4515, U1 Safeguards Loop Train B CCW Supply Valve closes OPERATOR ACTIONS: →Determine affected surge tank →If surge tank level is <57% (33%), ensure affected safeguard loop is isolated →Ensure both CCW pumps are in service
39
CCW Surge Tank Train A/B Level Lo-Lo Alarm & Auto-Makeup Starts
CCW Surge Tank Train A/B Level Lo-Lo Alarm Unit 1: ≤ 63% Unit 2: ≤ 39% →u-LV-4500-1, CCW Surge Tank RMUW Supply Valve opens AND →u-LV-4500, CCW Surge Tank Makeup Valve 4500 (Trn A) or 4501 (Trn B) opens →makeup valve 4500 or 4501 will close at ≈77.5% →u-LV-4500-1 must be manually closed Refer to ABN-502 for leakage out of CCW system. NOTE: Due to cut in surge tank partition plate, it will NOT be possible to determine affected CCW surge tank unless level decreases below approximately 60% level.
40
CCW Pump Auto Starts
→SIS →BOS →Low Pressure in Opposite Train CCW Supply Header: 64 psig (blocked by AL) →Auto Start of Associated SSW Pump on Low Pressure in Alternate Train: 10 psig on 10" line (blocked by AL)
41
What signals isolate CCW Safeguards Loops?
CCW Safeguards Loop Isolations Close on: →Hi-3 Containment Pressure 18.2 psig (2/4) →Associated Train Surge Tank Empty Alarm (57% U1 & 33% U2)
42
CCW Response to SI
→Pumps Start →Recirc Valves Close →RHR HXs CCW Out Valves open fully and then throttle for 40% design flow (ABOUT 22% OPEN-- blue light on H/S when throttled) →Cooler - Primary Sample Cooler CCW isolates →Vent Chillers Isolate "Please Remember, Rebellious Cats Vomit"
43
CCW Response to Phase A
→Excess Letdown HX CCW isolated →RCDT HX CCW isolated →CNTMT CCW Drain Tank flowpath isolated & pumps stop (because of valve limit switch)
44
CCW Response to Containment Spray Actuation
→Train separation valves close →CS HX CCW outlet valves (HV-4574 & 4575) fully open then throttle close to achieve 55% design flow, →RHR HX CCW outlet valves (HV-4572 & 4573) fully open then throttle close to achieve 40% design flow (if not already in position; if valve is already >40% open but not full open, they just throttle back to 40%) "forty has an R in it, so RHR throttles to 40% flow"
45
CCW Response to Hi-3/Phase B
→energize to actuate signal →CNTMT isolation valves for CCW to/from RCPs close →Non-Safeguards Loop isolation valves close →Safeguards Loops isolate (Hi-3 Signal) →Containment Spray HX CCW outlet valves open fully and throttle back to 55% flow
46
What equipment will auto start when a CCW pump is started, if their control switches are in AUTO?
Any start of a CCW pump will automatically start the following equipment, if their control switches are in AUTO: →Associated CCW pump room fan cooler →Associated SSW pump →Associated Safety Chilled Water recirc pump (which will then start associated safety chiller)
47
HV-4696 (RCP Thermal Barrier CCW Return IRC isolation valve) Interlock?
Closes on any RCP Hi Return flow of 64 gpm. The F in TFT
48
HV-4709 (RCP Thermal Barrier CCW Return ORC Isolation Valve) Interlock?
→closes on any RCP High Return Temp of 182.5° F. (second T in TFT) →the affected RCP Isolation Valve will also close (first T in TFT)
49
When should non-essential flow be isolated and why?
EOP-0.0 Attachment 9 directs isolating non-essential loads if flow is >17,500 gpm to prevent runout
50
On a complete loss of CCW flow...
ABN-502 directs a reactor trip followed by a trip of all RCPs
51
CCW Surge Tank Level Lo Alarm
Level Lo Alarm: Unit 1: ≤ 65% Unit 2: ≤ 46% →CAUTION: IF RMUW is used to makeup to the CCW Surge Tank while a blended flow to the VCT is in progress, THEN an inadvertent boration of the RCS could occur (bigger problem with U1 RMUW Pump than common) →u-LV-4500 and u-LV-4501 should automatically close on a Surge Tank high level →u-HS-4500-1, CCW Surge Tank RMUW Supply Valve must be manually closed; there is an alarm on MCB when open
52
CCW Pump Recirc Valves FV-4536/4537
→fail closed AOVs →open on low flow 8200 gpm, close at 8600 gpm, measured at CCW HX outlet with pump running →fail closed on SI →function restored by resetting SI and resetting valves with reset pushbutton at BOP ARR 1 & 2
53
What are the CCW Pump Flow Limitations?
→flow rates on CCW system may not exceed 17,500 gpm per pump (HX + recirc)
54
Which parts of the RCPs are cooled by CCW?
→motor air cooler →bearing lube oil reservoir coolers →thermal barrier HX →limits heat from RCS to pump bearing and shaft
55
Common CCW Leak Questions
→CVCS & CCW most common →Rx power up, surge tank level up, leak is in Seal Water HX →Temp on thermal barrier up, RCS leaking through thermal barrier
56
CBO (Control Bank Offset) - Definition and Purpose
CBO: Process of moving all control banks in or out over core life to minimize wear to the rodlets. Also done to minimize fretting of the rods. The total span used is 9 steps. 1. Offset of 1 raises rod height by 1, 2 raises 2, etc. 2. 222+0, 223+1, 224+2, 225+3, 226+4....231+9
57
How does uPC1 failure affect rod control?
→uPC1 failure will cause T-ref to drop due to loss of PT-505 →rods drive inward in auto
58
Rod Speeds in Manual? In Auto? For SB-C, D and E?
In Manual: →control banks move at 48 steps/min →shutdown banks move at 64 steps/min (only when that individual bank is selected on switch) →Reactor Control System provides input to Rod Control to tell rods what to do based upon plant conditions (Rod Bank Selector Switch must be in auto) →rod speed indication for SB-C, D and E reads 0, but they actually move at 64 steps/min
58
Rod Control Block Diagram
59
Inputs to Rod Control
→auctioneered Hi N-16 goes to Rod Insertion Limit monitor (graph available in COLR) →supports Tech Specs →compares rod position to power to determine if rods are too far in and provides alarm →auctioneered Hi NIS used to compare to Turbine 1st stage impulse pressure to generate power mismatch →Average T-ave compared to T-ref to develop error signal →Reference T-ave (a.k.a. T-ref) supplied from 1st Stage Turbine Impulse Pressure (PT-505 or PT-506, Selectable)
60
Rx Trip and Bypass Breakers Auto and Manual Trips
→RTBs are the only safety related components of Rod Control →bypass breakers DO NOT get shunt trip on automatic trip signals →bypass breakers get a shunt trip AND UV trip on manual only →main breakers have both shunt and UV trip on automatic as well as manual →SSPS A Train goes to RTA and BYB, B Train goes to RTB and BYA →with an SSPS train in test, its associated RT breaker can be tested without causing a reactor trip (auto trip signals will open the breaker) while Bypass breaker is connected →BUT... all breakers will open on a manual trip Note: loss of uED1 or uED2 will prevent shunt trip, but UV trip will still be available.
61
How Does DC Hold Cabinet Work? How does it work on a Rx Trip if in use?
→DC Hold power applies DC hold voltage to the stationary gripper coil to hold the rods such that when normal power to the stationary gripper is removed, the rods stay in position →Group Hold Switch positions: OFF, LATCH, and HOLD →Latch is 125 VDC; Hold is 70 VDC →Latch position applies greater voltage to ensure stationary gripper is properly latched →only one group can be held at a time, only one not in OFF at a time
62
Bank Overlap. How many steps, and why?
→107 steps of bank overlap, done to control flux shape and even out rod worth →107 steps of overlap means 2 banks are moving together for 107 steps →individual thumbwheels provided (total of 6) are set to tell when to start and stop rods from moving based upon total number of steps counted →115 step overlap means when CB-A at 115 steps, CB-B starts to step (0 with all control banks in, 452 control bank C all the way out, adjusted in + direction only if required to adjust manually) 1. S1: 115 steps on CB-A, start CB-B 2. S2: 222 steps Stop CB-A, CB-B at 107 steps 3. S3: 230 steps start CB-C, CB-B at 115 steps 4. S4: 337 steps stop CB-B, CB-C at 107 steps, CB-B at 222 steps 5. S5: 345 steps start CB-D, CB-C at 115 steps 6. S6: 452 steps stop CB-C, CB-D at 107 steps, CB-C at 222 steps 7. With CB-D all the way out counter should read 560 steps (no CBO) 8. If reset then it sees that CB-A needs to be first moved (not good at power) 9. Bank overlap and step overlap only affects control banks
63
Control Rod Control S/U Reset Pushbutton Resets What?
→located on CB-07 →should never be used with rods pulled - resets the entire system, which will require manually resetting each individual counter, Master cycler, Bank overlap, etc. →does not cause a reactor trip, just a headache; rods will stay in place →no effect on DRPI →used to reset the rod control system prior to startup →if not reset prior to startup, Bank Overlap unit will not work as designed Resets the following (POSSUM): P- P/A converter, O- Bank Overlap, S- Slave Cycler, S- Step Counters, U- Urgent Alarms, M- Master Cycler
64
Urgent Failure In Logic Cabinet
If failure is in logic cabinet, it stops rods in all power cabinets except SCDE
65
Power Cabinet Urgent Failures:
LLRPM →Logic failure: simultaneous zero current order to stationary and movable grippers →Loose or removed circuit card →Regulation failure: coil current does not match the current order within a preset time or a full current order is on too long. This protects against dropping rods or overheating the coils →Phase failure: voltage to coils has excess ripple. This would mean that one of the three phases of AC was being processed differently than the others, perhaps due to a blown fuse, a thyristor that has lost gate control, etc. →Multiplexer error: wrong rods trying to move- locks up rods in that cabinet
66
Logic Cabinet Urgent Failures:
SLO Stops all rods except SCDE from moving →Slave cycler Failure: slave cycler receives a "GO" pulse before completing the previous step, initiates a step without receiving a "GO" pulse, or receives a "GO" pulse without initiating a step →Loose or Removed circuit card →Oscillator Failure: fails to generate pulses when signaled
67
What are the inputs to the Rod Insertion Limit Monitor?
→Bank position from P/A converter →Auctioneered High N-16 →Ave T-ave (set to zero)
68
The rod control system looks at what to determine rod speed and direction?
→the magnitude of the difference between turbine load (T-ref) and Ave T-ave AND →the RATE OF CHANGE between turbine load (1st stage impulse pressure) and Auctioneered Hi NIs.
69
Power cabinet 1BD supplies power to which banks?
Control Bank B group 1 Control Bank D group 1 Shutdown Bank B group 1
70
Rod Control Temperature Control Setpoints
→maintain Actual T-ave within 1.5°F of Program T-ave →±1.5°F to ±3°F rods step in at 8 steps/min →rod speed ramps from 8 to 72 steps/min from ±3°F to ±5°F →max rod speed 72 steps/min at ±5°F mismatch →once mismatch is within ±1°F, rods stop moving
71
MG Sets
→260 VAC output →powered by uB3 AND uB4 (can lose one and still hold rods) →breakers can be opened from CB-11 in the event RTBs don't open on Rx Trip →have large flywheel to help stabilize output with input power perturbations
71
Rod Control Block Diagram
72
Instrument Failures and Rod Behavior
→PR NI fails Hi - rods in →PR NI fails Lo - no movement →T-ave/T-cold/N-16 fails Hi - rods in →T-ave/T-cold/N-16 fails Lo - rods out →PT-505/506 fails Hi - rods out →PT-505/506 fails Lo - rods in
73
Inputs to Rod Control
→auctioneered Hi N-16 goes to Rod Insertion Limit monitor (graph available in COLR) →supports Tech Specs →compares rod position to power to determine if rods are too far in and provides alarm →auctioneered Hi NIS used to compare to Turbine 1st stage impulse pressure to generate power mismatch →Average T-ave compared to T-ref to develop error signal →Reference T-ave (a.k.a. T-ref) supplied from 1st Stage Turbine Impulse Pressure (PT-505 or PT-506, Selectable)
74
Rx Trip and Bypass Breakers Auto and Manual Trips
→RTBs are the only safety related components of Rod Control →bypass breakers DO NOT get shunt trip on automatic trip signals →bypass breakers get a shunt trip AND UV trip on manual only →main breakers have both shunt and UV trip on automatic as well as manual →SSPS A Train goes to RTA and BYB, B Train goes to RTB and BYA →with an SSPS train in test, its associated RT breaker can be tested without causing a reactor trip (auto trip signals will open the breaker) while Bypass breaker is connected →BUT... all breakers will open on a manual trip Note: loss of uED1 or uED2 will prevent shunt trip, but UV trip will still be available.
75
How Does DC Hold Cabinet Work? How does it work on a Rx Trip if in use?
→DC Hold power applies DC hold voltage to the stationary gripper coil to hold the rods such that when normal power to the stationary gripper is removed, the rods stay in position →Group Hold Switch positions: OFF, LATCH, and HOLD →Latch is 125 VDC; Hold is 70 VDC →Latch position applies greater voltage to ensure stationary gripper is properly latched →only one group can be held at a time, only one not in OFF at a time
76
Bank Overlap. How many steps, and why?
→107 steps of bank overlap, done to control flux shape and even out rod worth →107 steps of overlap means 2 banks are moving together for 107 steps →individual thumbwheels provided (total of 6) are set to tell when to start and stop rods from moving based upon total number of steps counted →115 step overlap means when CB-A at 115 steps, CB-B starts to step (0 with all control banks in, 452 control bank C all the way out, adjusted in + direction only if required to adjust manually) 1. S1: 115 steps on CB-A, start CB-B 2. S2: 222 steps Stop CB-A, CB-B at 107 steps 3. S3: 230 steps start CB-C, CB-B at 115 steps 4. S4: 337 steps stop CB-B, CB-C at 107 steps, CB-B at 222 steps 5. S5: 345 steps start CB-D, CB-C at 115 steps 6. S6: 452 steps stop CB-C, CB-D at 107 steps, CB-C at 222 steps 7. With CB-D all the way out counter should read 560 steps (no CBO) 8. If reset then it sees that CB-A needs to be first moved (not good at power) 9. Bank overlap and step overlap only affects control banks
77
Control Rod Control S/U Reset Pushbutton Resets What?
→located on CB-07 →should never be used with rods pulled - resets the entire system, which will require manually resetting each individual counter, Master cycler, Bank overlap, etc. →does not cause a reactor trip, just a headache; rods will stay in place →no effect on DRPI →used to reset the rod control system prior to startup →if not reset prior to startup, Bank Overlap unit will not work as designed Resets the following (POSSUM): P- P/A converter, O- Bank Overlap, S- Slave Cycler, S- Step Counters, U- Urgent Alarms, M- Master Cycler
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Urgent Failure In Logic Cabinet
If failure is in logic cabinet, it stops rods in all power cabinets except SCDE
79
Power Cabinet Urgent Failures:
LLRPM →Logic failure: simultaneous zero current order to stationary and movable grippers →Loose or removed circuit card →Regulation failure: coil current does not match the current order within a preset time or a full current order is on too long. This protects against dropping rods or overheating the coils →Phase failure: voltage to coils has excess ripple. This would mean that one of the three phases of AC was being processed differently than the others, perhaps due to a blown fuse, a thyristor that has lost gate control, etc. →Multiplexer error: wrong rods trying to move- locks up rods in that cabinet
80
Logic Cabinet Urgent Failures:
SLO Stops all rods except SCDE from moving →Slave cycler Failure: slave cycler receives a "GO" pulse before completing the previous step, initiates a step without receiving a "GO" pulse, or receives a "GO" pulse without initiating a step →Loose or Removed circuit card →Oscillator Failure: fails to generate pulses when signaled
81
What are the inputs to the Rod Insertion Limit Monitor?
→Bank position from P/A converter →Auctioneered High N-16 →Ave T-ave (set to zero)
82
The rod control system looks at what to determine rod speed and direction?
→the magnitude of the difference between turbine load (T-ref) and Ave T-ave AND →the RATE OF CHANGE between turbine load (1st stage impulse pressure) and Auctioneered Hi NIs.
83
Power cabinet 1BD supplies power to which banks?
Control Bank B group 1 Control Bank D group 1 Shutdown Bank B group 1
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Rod Control Temperature Control Setpoints
→maintain Actual T-ave within 1.5°F of Program T-ave →±1.5°F to ±3°F rods step in at 8 steps/min →rod speed ramps from 8 to 72 steps/min from ±3°F to ±5°F →max rod speed 72 steps/min at ±5°F mismatch →once mismatch is within ±1°F, rods stop moving
85
MG Sets
→260 VAC output →powered by uB3 AND uB4 (can lose one and still hold rods) →breakers can be opened from CB-11 in the event RTBs don't open on Rx Trip →have large flywheel to help stabilize output with input power perturbations
86
Instrument Failures and Rod Behavior
→PR NI fails Hi - rods in →PR NI fails Lo - no movement →T-ave/T-cold/N-16 fails Hi - rods in →T-ave/T-cold/N-16 fails Lo - rods out →PT-505/506 fails Hi - rods out →PT-505/506 fails Lo - rods in
87
SR SHTDN FLUX HI alarm
→annunciates if flux increases to 300 cps or 5x background →can be blocked →this alarm also activates containment evacuation alarm
88
Source Range Detector
→channels N31 & N32 →BF3 Proportional Detector →Rx Trip at 10^5 cps (1/2 detectors, can block above P-6) →Pulse Height Discriminator: Eliminates pulses due to gamma ionization Note: high voltage switching operations (or lightning) can spike SR detectors, causing trips.
89
Intermediate Range Detector
→channels N35 & N36 →Compensated Ion Chamber (gamma interactions in both chambers are cancelled out by adjusting voltage of gamma only detector (inner can) →Rx Trip when detector current output = 25% Rx Power (1/2 detectors) →**Overcompensated** (high compensation voltage) causes detector output to decrease (read lower than actual) →**Undercompensated** (low compensation voltage) causes detector output to increase (read higher than actual) Note: if one channel is undercompensated, you may not get the unblock of SR trips; can manually unblock SR trips at CB in this case
90
Power Range Detector
→channels N41, N42, N43, & N44 →Uncompensated Ion Chamber →amount of gammas compared to amount of neutrons is insignificant →amount of background gammas is directly proportional to power level Nuclear Engineering has estimated that the effect on PR NIS is approximately 0.8 % per degree at 100% power. The effect is decreased proportionally with power. For example at 50% power, the effect is halved or 0.4% per degree.
91
Tech Spec 3.3.1 & 3.9.3 Source Range:
→Source Range Instrumentation is required in Mode 2 (below P6) through Mode 6 →in Mode 6, only visual count rate indication is required in the Control Room →in Mode 3-5 the T.S. only applies if the Rod Control System is capable of withdrawal and one or more rods not fully inserted.
92
Tech Spec 3.3.1 Intermediate Range:
The Intermediate Range Instrumentation is required in Mode 1 (below P-10) and Mode 2 (above P-6) 1 IR Channel inoperable, Mode 1 (P-6): →reduce THERMAL POWER to P-10 in 24 hours →Mode 2 (P-6): →suspend operations involving positive reactivity additions immediately, and →reduce power to
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Tech Spec 3.3.1 Power Range:
2 PR Channels Inoperable, enter LCO 3.0.3
94
From 100% power, approximately how long after a trip do we take to come down to where Source Range instruments are energized?
→approx. 15-18 minutes →10^-10 cps →Startup Rate = -1/3 dpm →approx. 6 decades
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Where are the overlaps between SR, IR, and PR instruments?
→0% power on PR ≈ 10^-5 amps on IR →4 x 10^4 cps on SR ≈ 10^-10 amps on IR
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Source Range and Level Trip Bypass Switch
Note: losing power has the same effect as pulling fuses.
97
Intermediate Range and Level Trip Bypass Switch
Note: losing power has the same effect as pulling fuses.
98
Gammametrics
→2 ranges: Low range (0.1 cps to 10^5 cps) and Wide range (10^-8 to 200% power) →fission chamber detector →designed to operate under accident conditions; PAM equipment →indicates on MCB and RSP
99
CSP Auto Starts
→SI Signal in conjunction with SIS on step 4 (No start on BOS) →CS initiation signal (Hi-3 Cntmt Pressure 18.2 psig or Manual)
100
LV-4754/4755 (Chem Add Tank MOVs) auto open / close on:
→CS initiation signal →Close on a low level in the Chem Add Tank (~13%) →follows normal power supply/train convention
101
-LV-4752/4753 (Chem Add Tank AOVs) auto close on:
→normally open →fail open on loss of air or power →Lo-Lo level in the Chem Add Tank (~6%). →Power supply from opposite train "Air Jordan was number 23, so valves 2 & 3 are AOVs."
102
FV-4772-1, 4772-2 & FV-4773-1, 4773-2 (Recirc Valves) Interlocks
→auto close when Train related HV-4782/4783 (Sump Suction) begin to open →auto close when Train related HV-4776/4777 (CIVs to Header) begin to open →auto open on low discharge flow (< 1090 gpm) if the above valves are closed →auto close on hi discharge flow (> 1210 gpm)
103
HV-4776/4777 (Containment Spray HX Outlet Valves/CIVs) auto open on:
→CS initiation signal (2/4 Hi-3 Cntmt or Manual) →valves are designed to slowly open (takes ~ 110 secs) to prevent pump runout while spray header fills.
104
HV-4574/4575 CS HX CCW Out Valves auto open on:
→CS initiation signal (2/4 Hi-3 Cntmt or Manual) →valves fully open, then throttle back to 55% of HX design flow →if valves are already throttled to >55% design flow, they will only throttle down to 55%; will not go full open first
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TS 3.6.7 Chem Add Tank requirements
→NaOH concentration must be between 28% - 30% by weight →Level must be maintained 91% - 94%. →1-4 psig N2 overpressure
106
TS 3.6.6 CS System MODE requirements
2 trains required in modes 1 - 4
107
Containment Spray is initiated by:
→Manual (2 of 2 H/S) →HI-3: 18.2 psig (2 of 4)
108
Swapover to Containment sump recirc is done when?
→Swapover to ctmt sump recirc is done when RWST is < 6%. →System must be manually swapped. (EOS-1.3) →cooling is required in recirc mode
109
Containment Spray is designed to mitigate what accidents?
→MSL Break inside containment →FW Line Break inside containment →LOCA
110
What chemical is used in the Containment Spray Chem Add tank and why?
→sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is used to raise pH in the containment sumps to a level more conducive to absorption and retention of radioactive iodine →raising pH in the sump reduces corrosion of components in Containment, which minimizes hydrogen production →pH raised from 4.6 to 7.1
111
Per OPGD-3, what exception is made for Containment Spray?
Operators are expected to preemptively actuate ESF signals if plant conditions indicate they will auto-actuate, with the exception of Containment Spray.
112
What color is the CSP 86M Phase Overcurrent light?
white
113
If 1 Containment Spray Pump is inoperable, then the other pump in that train must be...
...taken to pullout due to runout concerns.
114
RWST Info
→~500,000 gallons each, one per unit →Hi alarm >97.89% →TS required level >95% →Lo alarm <92.83% →Lo-Lo alarm <33% →Empty alarm <9% →Low temp alarm 45° F
115
Containment Spray Pump Info
→separate bearing coolers (SSW cooled) and seal coolers (safeguards CCW cooled) →when one train related pump is OOS, take other pump to pullout →if one pump in a train trips during spray, ensure other pump parameters are good and allow remaining pump to continue running →system designed to operate with system temp up to 300° F; when system temp >150° F, CCW flow must be aligned to pump seal coolers to maintain integrity of mechanical seals →auto-start on SIS step 4, Hi-3 containment pressure 18.2 psig; no start on BOS →trip on sustained bus undervoltage, 86M phase overcurrent lockout (white light on handswitch)
116
Tech Spec 3.7.9 SSI Requirements
→maintain max expected inlet temp ≤102°F →level maintained ≥770', restore within 7 days or shutdown (required level based on 30 days for accident unit and safe shutdown of other unit) →if SSI inoperable for reasons other than level (e.g. temp >102° or dam degraded), be in mode 3 in 6 hrs, mode 5 in 36 hrs Modes 1-4
117
Cross connecting SSW trains...
...will inop both Trains, cross connecting SSW between units will inop both unit's affected trains →between units is desirable to only supply each unit's CCW HX and opposite unit's CCP →accomplished by sending discharge of one pump through the cross connect and →manually throttling the other unit's discharge valve to →limit total flow to 18,600 gpm
118
To prevent Chloride infusion if a CCW HX tube leak exists...
→the CCW HX Shell side should be filled, vented, and pressurized prior to operating SSW OR →the CCW HX Shell side shall be isolated and drained with the drain valves open
119
SSW Pump Auto Starts
1. SI 2. BO - train associated 3. Low Pressure opposite train <10 psig off of the 10" header (safety loop) 4. Start of train associated CCW Pump, in auto or manual (SSW pumps powered from uEA1 & uEA2)
120
SSW Pump discharge MOV close position
→discharge MOV only closes to 10% open position, must be manually closed 8 turns for isolation →if manually closed, must be opened 8 turns from closed (10% open) before cycling electrically Note: if valve has been fully closed manually, there will be no position indication on MCB because power has been removed. Position indication lights will be dark. (MOVs powered from MCCs located adjacent to associated pump, uEB3-3, uEB4-3)
121
SSW Screenwash pump power supplies
Normally from U2; ABT used (XEB3-3; ABT is preferred power seeking)
122
SSW Screenwash Pump Auto Stops (not including screenwash timer or differential level auto-stops)
→pump will trip on low discharge pressure of 85 psig which causes screens to stop (7 sec TDPU after pump start, bypassed if started in manual) →SI on unit supplying power; traveling screens also stop and screenwash valve fails open on SI →trip of U1 and U2 train related SSW pumps (X-01 Train A, X-02 Train B); prevents auto start of screenwash pump for that train and closes screenwash valves
123
Screenwash Auto Starts
Auto Starts →Hi differential level across screens: 15.25"; runs until D/L is ≤8.25" (minimum runtime of 25 mins) →Every 4 hours; runs for 16 mins
124
TR 13.7.33 SSI Sediment
→average sediment depth shall be ≤1.5 ft; if not, take immediate action to reduce sediment level →dam shall have no abnormal degradation or erosion; if not, immediately enter TS 3.7.9 for SSI inop
125
What are the SSW loads?
10-inch Line: →SIP lube oil coolers →CCP lube oil coolers →CSP bearing lube oil coolers →EDG jacket water coolers 30-inch Line: →CCW HX Can be AFW backup during loss of CST
126
Tech Spec 3.7.8 Station Service Water System (SSWS)
Two trains and an SSW Pump on the opposite unit with its associated cross-connects shall be operable (Modes 1-4).
127
SSW to AFW Supply Valves u-HV-4395/4396
→u-HV-4395/4396 →tapped off 10" safety header downstream of EDG jacket water cooler to provide some preheating if EDG is operating →powered from uEB3-1 (4395) and uEB4-1 (4396)
128
What happens to SSW screenwash on a loss of instrument air?
→screenwash header supply valves will fail open →traveling screen differential level detectors will fail to inoperable condition →screenwash pumps will still auto start on 4 hr cycle
129
What is the automatic starting sequence for SSW Screenwash?
→auto start initiated →screenwash valves fully open (supplied from instrument air) →pump starts once screenwash valve fully open with at least one SSW pump running →traveling screens start once discharge pressure >75 psig →if pressure fails to build above 85 psig, pump will trip after 7 sec time delay (bypassed on manual start) Note: if pressure fails to build above 75 psig, manually trip pump
130
DRPI Accuracy
Normal Accuracy = ±4 steps if both trains available (+3 between coils plus 1 step for mechanical error) →A Train only available (Failure of Train B) accuracy is -10, +4 →B Train only available (Failure of Train A) accuracy is +10, -4
131
If indicated rod position is a multiple of 12, and a train failure occurs...
→rod position will still indicate the same position ( i.e. 12, 24, 36, etc. will also indicate 12, 24, 36, etc.) →rods indicating between multiples of 12 will indicate +6 with A ONLY, and -6 with B ONLY (i.e. 42 will be 48 with A ONLY and 36 with B ONLY)
132
RIL Basis
→Sufficient negative reactivity must be available to achieve the required shutdown margin at all times. →Provide acceptable consequences following a postulated rod ejection accident. →Maintain acceptable radial flux distributions during normal operations
133
DRPI Rod Deviation Alarms:
→when any two rods within the same control bank are misaligned by ≥12 steps. →when any shutdown rod is below 210 steps. →urgent alarm
134
RIL Inputs/Alarm and Annunciation
→inputs from N-16 (auctioneered Hi), P/A Converter and Average T-ave (Set to 0) →provides alarm and annunciation when the control banks reach: →automatic withdrawal limit (C-11: Control Bank D ≥223 steps) →Low insertion limits (10 steps above Low-Low limit) →Low-Low insertion limit (D146 @ 100%, C49 @0%) →SD Rods shall be maintained within 218 to 231 steps per COLR
135
What are the MODES of applicability for Tech Spec 3.1.4 Rod Group Alignments and Tech Spec 3.1.7 Rod Position Indication?
Modes 1 & 2 - if two DRPI lost in one group, place rods in manual IMMEDIATELY and monitor and record T-ave once per hour
136
DRPI Urgent Failure
Causes: →failure of both A data and B data →difference between A data and B data of more than one coil (>6 steps) →central control card calculates the rod position to be greater than 228 steps (the highest DRPI indicator). Results in: →GW light for affected rod(s) flashing →urgent alarm lights on DRPI →annunciator for urgent alarm comes in
137
If DRPI is lost in modes 3,4, or 5, what is the RO required to do?
Per TRM 13.1.39, Place the Rod Control System in a condition incapable of rod withdrawal IMMEDIATELY (OPEN RTB's)
138
DRPI Non-Urgent Failure
Causes: →Data A or Data B failure →accuracy mode switch not in A + B position →pulled central control card →rod deviation card disagreement →pulled rod deviation card Results In: →non-urgent alarm on DRPI and annunciator →affected rod GW light flashing →Half Accuracy →Data A Failure/Data B Only = +10 to -4 →Data B Failure/Data A Only = -10 to +4
139
Central Control Card
→3 for redundancy; all perform the same task →majority vote (2/3) system →if position error is detected in group A then group B position data is used in its place
140
Rod Deviation Card
→2 for redundancy →alarm - any shutdown bank <210 steps →alarm any rod ≥12 steps from bank expected position →urgent alarm
141
Control Bank D Full Withdrawal
→C-11 Bank D >223 steps from P/A Converter →automatic rod withdrawal stop