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Human Systems and Anatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

CN I

A

olfactory

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2
Q

CN II

A

optic

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3
Q

CN III

A

oculomotor

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4
Q

CN IV

A

trochlear

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5
Q

CN V

A

trigeminal

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6
Q

CN VI

A

abducent

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7
Q

CN VII

A

facial

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8
Q

CN VIII

A

vestibulocochlear

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9
Q

CN IX

A

glossopharyngeal

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10
Q

CN X

A

vagus

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11
Q

CN XI

A

accessory

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12
Q

CN XII

A

hypoglossal

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13
Q

where do cranial nerves arise from

A

the brain

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14
Q

where do the cranial nerves travel through to innervate their structures in the head and neck

A

the foramoina and fissures in the cranium

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15
Q

what are the main functions the cranial nerves carry out

A

sensory, motor and autonomic functions

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16
Q

what is the name for the front of the brain

A

the rostral

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17
Q

what is the name for the back of the brain

A

the caudal

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18
Q

oh, oh, oh, to touch and feel very green vegetables, a h

A
  • olfactory
  • optic
  • oculumotor
  • trochlear
  • trigeminal
  • abducens
  • facial
  • vestibulocochlear
  • glossopharyngeal
  • vagus
  • accessory
  • hypoglossal
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19
Q

where are the olfactory and optic nerve emerging from

A

the cerebrum

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20
Q

where do the oculomotor and the trochlear nerve emerge from

A

the mid brain

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21
Q

which cranial nerve arises from the dorsal aspect of the brain stem

A

trochlear

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22
Q

where does the trigeminal nerve arise from

A

the pons

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23
Q

where does the abducens, facial and vestibulocochlear nerve emerge from

A

they enter and exit at the pontomedullary junction

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24
Q

where does the spinal accessory nerve emerge from

A

the spinal cord

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25
Q

where does the glossopharyngeal, vagus and hypoglossal nerve emerge from

A

the medulla

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26
Q

are the optic and olfactory cranial nerves ACTUALLY nerves?

A

no they are brain projections that belong to the olfactory and optic tracts

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27
Q

where do motor fibres originate from

A

the brain

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28
Q

where do motor fibres carry signals

A

they carry them from the brain to the structures they innervate

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29
Q

what are efferent fibres

A

those that carry signals from the brain to the structures they innervate

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30
Q

what are afferent fibres

A

those that carry signals from receptors in the periphery to the brain

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31
Q

what are the types of motor fibres

A

somatic
somatic branchi
visceral motor

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32
Q

what are somatic motor fibres

A

fibres that innervate striated muscle under voluntary control

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33
Q

what are somatic branchi

A

these are found only in the cranial nerves and innervate voluntary muscles that develop embryologically from the branchial arches

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34
Q

what are visceral motor fibres

A

these are parasympatheetic fibres which constitute the cranial outflow of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

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35
Q

what do the visceral motor fibres innervate

A

smooth muscles, glands, and the heart

36
Q

what are the types of sensory fibres

A

somatic
visceral
special

37
Q

what are somatic sensory fibres

A

these carry pain, temperature, and touch from the skin, mucous membranes, and muscles

38
Q

what are visceral sensory fibres

A

these are fibres that are found in the carotid body and sinus pharynx, larynx, thoracis and abdominal viscera

39
Q

what are special sensory fibres

A

these are responsible for smell, sight, taste, hearing and balance

40
Q

what are the four cranial nerves that carry parasympathetic information

A

oculumotor
facial
glossopharyngeal
vagus

41
Q

is the olfactory nerve sensory or motor

A

sensory

42
Q

is the optic nerve sensory or motor

A

sensory

43
Q

is the olfactory nerve sensory or motor

A

sensory

44
Q

is the trochlear nerve sensory or motor

A

motor

45
Q

is the trigeminal nerve sensory of motor

A

both

46
Q

is the abducens nerve sensory or motor

A

motor

47
Q

is the facial nerve motor or sensory

A

both

48
Q

is the vestibulocochlear nerve motor or sensory

A

sensory

49
Q

is the glossopharyngeal nerve motor or sensory

A

both

50
Q

is the vagus nerve motor or sensory

A

both

51
Q

is the spinal accessory nerve motor or sensory

A

motor

52
Q

is the hypoglossal nerve motor or sensory

A

motor

53
Q

what does the olfactory nerve do

A

has special sensory function and carries information responsible for carrying information about smell

54
Q

optic nerve function

A

special sensory, carries information responsible for vision

55
Q

what is the oculomotor nerve

A

this has somatic motor function that innervates most of the extraocular muscles which are responsible for movement of the eyeball. carries sympathetic information to the sphincter pupillae muscle which constricts the pupil, and the ciliary muscle which alters the curvature of the lens

56
Q

what is the trochlear nerve responsible for

A

the somatic motor innervation to the superior oblique

57
Q

what are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve

A
  • opthalmic
  • maxillary
  • mandibular
58
Q

what are the functions of the trigeminal nerve

A

all three of its branches carry sensory information from different parts of the face, scalp and mouth
somatic motor function as its mandibular division innervates the muscles of mastication that are responsible for chewing movements

59
Q

what is the abducens nerve responsible for

A

somatic motor innervation to the lateral rectus

60
Q

what is the lateral rectus

A

an extraocular muscle

61
Q

what is the facial nerve

A

this functions for somatic motor innervation for the muscles of facial expression
carries sympathetic fibres for innervation of the submandibular, sublingual, lacrimal and nasal glands
sensory function as it innervates a small area of skin on the external ear
special sensory fibres that carry taste from the anterior two thirds of the tongue

62
Q

what is the vestibulocochlear nerve in charge of

A

hearing and balance

63
Q

what does the glossopharyngeal nerve function in

A

somatic motor innervation to the stylopharyngeus which is needed for swallowing. carries parasympathetic fibres to the parotid gland
carries sensory information from the oropharynx and the carotid sinus and carotid body
also has special sensory fibres that sense taste from the posterior one third of the tongue

64
Q

what is the vagus responsible for

A

somatic motor innervation for the muscles of the larynx and pharynx which are used for phonation and swallowing
carries sympathetic fibres to the heart and lungs, and muscles and glands of the gastrointestinal tract
carries sensory information from the larynx, pharynx, heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera
has special sensory fibres that sense taste from the epiglottic region and the laryngeal pharynx

65
Q

what is the function of the spinal accessory nerve

A

somatic motor innervation for the sternocliedomastoid and trapezius muscles

66
Q

what is the function of the hypoglossal nerve

A

somatic motor innervation of the muscles of the tongue

67
Q

what are the innervations of the tongue

A

hypoglossal - movement of the tongue
glossopharygeal, trigeminal (lingual branch) and the facial nerve ae responsible for the taste sensory apsect of the tongue

68
Q

which nerve innervates all the muscles of the tongue apart from the palatoglossus, and which nerve supplies this muscle

A

the hypoglossal and the vagus nerve

69
Q

why is the tongue innervated

A

recognising taste and movement

70
Q

name the parasympathetic ganglia located in the head

A

ciliary
optic
pterygopalatine
submandibula

71
Q

which cranial nerves provide fibres to the parasympathetic ganglia of the head

A

oculomotor
facial
glossopharyngeal

72
Q

what are collateral ganglia

A

ganglia responsible for carrying sympathetic nerve fibres from the spinal cord

73
Q

function of olfactory

A

smell

74
Q

function of optic

A

vision

75
Q

function of oculomotor

A

smooth muscle that controls the lense shape and pupil size
extrinsic eye muscles

76
Q

function of trochlear

A

superior oblique muscle of the eye

77
Q

motor function of the trigeminal nerve

A

chewing

78
Q

sensory function of the trigeminal nerve

A

head and face sensation

79
Q

function of abducens

A

lateral rectus

80
Q

motor function of facial nerve

A

facial expression salivaion and tears

81
Q

sensory function of facial nerve

A

taste on the anterior two thirds of the tongue

82
Q

function of the vestibulocochlear

A

hearing and equilibrium

83
Q

motor function of the glossopharyngeal

A

swallowing and salivation

84
Q

sensory function of glossopharyngeal

A

taste on posterior tongue
throat
tonsils
receptors in the carotid artery

85
Q

function of vagus

A

viscera in the throat, abdominal organs and heart

86
Q

function of accessory

A

head and shoulder movment

87
Q

function of hypoglossal

A

tongue movement

Human Systems and Anatomy (54 decks)

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