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Human Systems and Anatomy > the lymphatic system > Flashcards

the lymphatic system Flashcards

1
Q

what is the lymphatic system

A

a network of vessels and organs that isolate and neutralise foreign agents that can harm the body

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2
Q

what is the lymphatic system comprised of

A
  • lymph nodes
  • lymph
  • lymphatic vessels
  • thymus glands
  • tonsils
  • spleen
  • bone marrow
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3
Q

how many lymph nodes are there in the body

A

600

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4
Q

what is the function of lymph nodes

A

act as filters to remove the foreign particles from fluids that run through the vessels of the lymphatic system

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5
Q

what are swollen lymph nodes a sign of

A

the body fighting an infection or disease

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6
Q

what do lymph nodes contain

A

lymphocytes

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7
Q

what are the two main lymphocytes

A

B and T

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8
Q

what do B lymphocytes do

A

produce antibodies that attack foreign invaders

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9
Q

what do T lymphocytes do

A

destroy cells taken over by an infectious agent or cancer

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10
Q

infection leads to inflammation and heat and redness. why

A

the blood vessels dilate when there is an infection to allow larger immune cells to access the site of the infection, and heat is generated to damage the invader.

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11
Q

what is adenopathy

A

when the lymph nodes become red hot and swollen in response to infection or disease

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12
Q

what is an example of lymph node swelling that causes pain

A

those by the eustachian tube which can become compressed when they swell

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13
Q

where are lymph nodes found

A

armpits
neck
groin
upper abdomen
mediastinum

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14
Q

what are the main groups of lymph nodes

A

cervical
axillary
supraclavicular
mediastinal
inguinal
retroperitoneal
mesenteric
pelvic

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15
Q

what are the three main cervical lymph nodes groups

A

anterior cervical
posterior cervical
occipital

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16
Q

what causes the swelling of the anterior cervical lymph nodes

A

the common cold

17
Q

what causes the swelling of the posterior cervical lymph nodes

A

infectious mononucleosis

18
Q

what causes the swelling of the occipital lymph nodes

A

HIV

19
Q

where are anterior cervical lymph nodes located

A

front of the neck

20
Q

where are posterior cervical lymph nodes located

A

behind the muscles of the neck

21
Q

where are the occipital cervical lymph nodes located

A

back of the neck and base of the skull

22
Q

where are the axillary lymph nodes located

A

the armpit

23
Q

how many axillary lymph nodes are found in each armpit

A

between 10 and 40

24
Q

what does swelling of the axillary lymph nodes suggest

A

breast cancer, as the cancer shells shed from the breast tumour will travel here first

25
Q

where are the supraclavicular lymph nodes found

A

above the collarbone

26
Q

what causes the supraclavicular lymph nodes to swell

A

lymphoma or lung cancer

27
Q

where are the mediastinal lymph nodes located

A

in the centre of the chest cavity between the lungs

28
Q

where are the inguinal lymph nodes

A

the groin

29
Q

what causes the swelling of the mediastinal lymph nodes

A

lung cancer and some lymphomas

30
Q

what causes the swelling of the inguinal lymph nodes

A

injury
STDs
skin infections
yeast infections
cancer

31
Q

where are the retroperitoneal lymph nodes located

A

back of the abdomen

32
Q

what causes the swelling of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes

A

testicular cancer

33
Q

what causes the swelling of the mesenteric lymph nodes

A

gastroenteritis
IBD
lymphoma

34
Q

what is gastroenteritis

A

stomach flu

35
Q

where are mesenteric lymph nodes located

A

surrounding the intestine

36
Q

where are the pelvic lymph nodes

A

around the hip bones, bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs

37
Q

what causes swelling of the pelvic lymph nodes

A

bladder, prostate, cervical, ovarian or anal cancer

38
Q

what disease can swell the lymph nodes that we commonly come across in dentistry

A

sjogrens syndrome

39
Q

what is the thymus gland

A

the main organ of the lymphatic system located in the upper chest. promotes the development of the cells of the immune system called t lymphocytes. relatively large in size until puberty when it shrinks and is replaced by fat

Human Systems and Anatomy (54 decks)

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