Flashcards in Anatomy of the vertebral column Deck (102)
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1
What does the back include? (7)
1. Skin
2.Subcutaneous tissue
3. Vertebral column
4. Spinal cord and meninges
5. Ribs
6.Nerves and vessels
7. Muscles
2
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
7 (C1-C7)
3
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12 (T1-T12)
4
How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
5 (L1-L5)
5
How many sacral vertebrae are there?
5 (S1-S5)
6
How many bones are there in the coccygeal/coccyx region?
4 (small tightly fused bones)
7
Why do you become shorter when you are older?
-the intervertebral disks shrink as they become dehydrated
8
What is involved in the general structure of a vertebra? (5)
1. body
2. vertebral arch --> pedicles and laminae
3. articular facets --> superior (x2) and inferior (x2)
4. Processes - transverse (x2) and spinous
5. vertebral foramen
9
What part of the vertebra is the weight bearing portion?
body
10
How many superior facets are there?
2
11
How many inferior facets are there?
2
12
How many transverse processes are there?
2
13
What runs through the vertebral foramen? (3)
1. spinal cord
2. meninges
3. CSF
14
What is the vertebral arch made up of? (2)
1. pedicles
2. Laminae
15
What are the 2 main types of processes in vertebra?
1. transverse
2. spinous
16
What runs through the intervertebral foramen?
- spinal nerve
17
Where are the vertebral notches?
-superior and inferior to the pedicles
18
What forms the intervertebral foramen? (2)
1. superior and inferior vertebral notches of adjacent vertebrae
2. intervertebral disc
19
What is the body of a cervical vertebra like? (2)
1. small
2. with elevated uncus
20
What are the transverse process and pedicles like in cervical vertebra?
- have tubercles anterior and posteriorly
21
What foramina are involved in cervical vertebrae?
- transverse foramina
22
What is the uncus of the body of the cervical vertebra?
- edges which unite vertebral bodies together
23
What is the spinous process of cervical vertebra like?
-BIFID (splits into 2)
24
Why is the body of cervical vertebra thin and small?
- for fine positioning and movement of the head
25
What passes through transverse foramina?
- vertebral arteries and veins
26
What is the cervical function of the foramina transversaria?
- allows passage of vertebral artery and vein to the brain
27
Which cervical level do the vertebral arteries and veins not pass through?
C7
28
Why is dislocation of the cervical vertebrae likely?
- as the articular facets are FLAT
- hence here is not much bony congruity
29
What is the varying severity of dislocation of cervical vertebra?
1. Flexion sprain
2. 25% subluxation
3. 50% sublaxation
4. Complete dislocation - facet jumping
30
