Flashcards in Leg muscle attachments Deck (58):
1
What are the 3 compartments of the leg? (3)
1. posterior
2. lateral
3. anterior
2
What can the muscles in the posterior compartment in the leg be split into? (2)
1. superficial group
2. deep group
3
What are the muscles of the superficial group in the posterior compartment of the leg? (3)
1. gastrocnemius
2. plantaris
3. soleus
4
What is the origin of gastrocnemius? (medial and lateral head)
medial
1. posterior surface of distal femur just superior to medial condyle
lateral
1. upper posterolateral surface lateral femoral condyle
5
What is the insertion of gastrocneumius?
- via calcaneal tendon
- to posterior surface of calcaneus
6
What is the innervation of gastrocnemius?
tibial nerve
7
What is the function of gastrocnemius?
plantar flexes foot
flexes the knee
8
What is the origin of plantaris?
inferior part of lateral supracondylar line of femur
oblique popliteal ligament of knee
9
What is the insertion of popliteus?
via calcaneal tendon
to posterior surface of calcaneus
10
What is the innervation of popliteus?
tibial nerve
11
What is the function of popliteus?
plantar flexes foot
flexes knee
12
What is the origin to soleus? (6)
1. soleal line
2. medial border of tibia
3. posterior aspect of fibular head
4. adjacent surfaces of fibular neck
5. proximal shaft of fibula
6. tendinous arch between tibial and fibular attachments
13
What is the insertion of soleus?
via calcaneal tendon
posterior surface of calcaneus
14
what is the innervation of soleus?
tibial nerve
15
What is the function of soleus?
plantar flexes the foot
16
What are the muscles in the deep group of the posterior compartment of the leg? (4)
1. popliteus
2. flexor hallucis longus
3. flexor digitorum longus
4. tibialis posterior
17
What is the origin of popliteus?
lateral femoral condyle
18
What is the insertion of popliteus?
posterior surface of proximal tibia
19
What is the innervation of popliteus?
tibial nerve
20
What is the function of popliteus? (2)
1. stabalises knee joint - resists lateral rotation of tibia on femur
2. unlocks knee joint - laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia
21
What is the origin of flexor hallucis longus? (2)
1. posterior surface of fibula
2. adjacent interosseous membrane
22
What is the insertion of flexor hallucis longus?
plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe
23
What is the innervation to flexor hallucis longus?
tibial nerve
24
What is the function of flexor hallucis longus?
flexes great toe
25
What is the origin of flexor digitorum longus?
medial side of posterior surface of the tibia
26
What is the insertion of flexor digitorum longus?
plantar surfaces of bases of distal phalanxes of the lateral 4 toes
27
What is the innervation to flexor digitorum longus?
tibial nerve
28
What is the function of flexor digitorum longus?
flexes lateral 4 toes
29
What is the origin of tibialis posterior? (2)
1. posterior surfaces of inetrosseous membrane
2. adjacent regions of tibia and fibula
30
What is the insertion of tibialis posterior? (2)
1. mainly tuberosity of navicular
2. adjacent region of medial cuneiform
31
What is the innervation of tibialis posterior?
tibial nerve
32
What is the function of tibialis posterior? (3)
1. inversion of foot
2. plantar flexion of foot
3. support of medial arch of foot during walking
33
What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg? (2)
1. fibularis longus
2. fibularis brevis
34
What is the origin of fibularis longus? (3)
1. upper lateral surface of fibula
2. head of fibula
3. occasionally the lateral tibial condyle
35
What is the insertion of fibularis longus? (2)
1. undersurface of lateral sides of distal end of medial cuneiform
2. base of metatarsal I
36
What is the innervation of fibularis longus?
superficial fibular nerve
37
What is the function of fibularis longus? (3)
1. eversion of the foot
2. plantar flexion of foot
3. supports arches of the foot
38
What is the origin for fibularis brevis?
1. lower 2/3rds of lateral surface of shaft of fibula
39
What is the insertion of fibularis brevis?
lateral tubercle at base of metatarsal V
40
What is the innervation to fibularis brevis?
superficial fibular nerve
41
What is the function to fibularis brevis?
eversion of the foot
42
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg? (4)
1. tibialis anterior
2. extensor hallucis longus
3. extensor digitorum longus
4. fibularis tertius
43
What is the origin of tibialis anterior? (2)
1.lateral surface of tibia
2. adjacent interosseous membrane
44
What is the insertion for tibialis anterior? (2)
1. medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform
2. adjacent surfaces on base of metatarsal I
45
What is the innervation of tibialis anterior?
deep fibular nerve
46
What is the function of tibialis anterior? (3)
1. dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint
2. inversion of foot
3. dynamic support of medial arch of foot
47
What is the origin of extensor hallucis longus? (2)
1. middle one half of medial surface of fibula
2. adjacent surface of interosseous membrane
48
What is the insertion of extensor hallucis longus?
dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe
49
What is the innervation of extensor hallucis longus?
deep fibular nerve
50
What is the function of extensor hallucis longus? (2)
1. extension of the great toe
2. dorsiflexion of foot
51
What is the origin of extensor digitorum longus? (2)
1. proximal 1 half of medial surface of fibula
2. related surface of lateral tibial condyle
52
What is the insertion of extensor digitorum longus?
1. via dorsal digital expansions into the bases of distal and middle phalanges of the lateral 4 toes
53
What is the innervation to extensor digitorum longus?
deep fibular nerve
54
What is the function of extensor digitorum longus? (2)
1. extension of lateral 4 toes
2. dorsiflexion of foot
55
What is the origin to fibualris tertius?
distal part of medial surface of fibula
56
What is the insertion of fibualris tertius?
dorsomedial surface of base of metatarsal V
57
What is the innervation of fibularis tertius?
deep fibualr nerve
58