ANTIBACTERIALS Reporter 11

Question 1

• substances
  that inhibit bacterial growth or
  kill bacteria

Answer 1

Antibacterials

Question 2

– substances
that inhibit growth or kill
microorganisms

Answer 2

Antimicrobials

Question 3

– chemicals
produced by one kind of
microorganism that inhibit the
growth of or kill another

Answer 3

Antibiotics

Question 4

• “bacteria-killing”

Answer 4

Bactericidal

Question 5

– inhibits growth of bacteria

Answer 5

Bacteriostatic

Question 6

also known as prokaryotes (single-celled organisms)

Answer 6

Bacteria

Question 7

Gram-positive

Answer 7

*Staphylococcus aureus
*Streptococcus pneumoniae
*B Streptococcus
*Clostridium perfringens

Question 8

Gram-negative

Answer 8

*Neisseria meningitides
*Escherichia coli
*Haemophilus influenzae

Question 9

Aerobe bacteri

Answer 9

● Mycobacterium tuberculosis
●Psuedomonas aeruginosa
●E. Coli
●Klebsiella P.
●Proteus M.

Question 10

Anaerobe bacteria

Answer 10

● C. Tetani
● Actinomyces
● Bacteroides
● Prevotella
● Bifidobacterium

Question 11

the ability of organisms that cause disease to withstand
attack by antimicrobials

Answer 11

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR

Question 12

methicillin was developed.

Answer 12

1959

Question 13

• strains of S. aureus was beginning to become resistant to methicillin.

Answer 13

1968 -

Question 14

Methicillin is now off the market; treatment of choice for MRSA is

Answer 14

VANCOMYCIN

Question 15

, is effective against MRSA, VREF, and penicillin-resistant streptococci.

Answer 15

● Linezolid

Question 16

e RESTRICTED ANTIMICROBIALS:

Answer 16

Cefepime (Fourth-generation
cephalosporin)
2. Ertapenem (Carbapenem)
3. Meropenem (Carbapenem)
4. Vancomycin (Glycopeptide)
5. Amphotericin B (Macrolide) –
antifungal
6. Voriconazole (Triazole) – antifungal
7. Colistin (Polymyxin)
8. Micafungin (Echinocandin) –
antifungal
9. Aztreonam (Carbapenem) –
antifungal
10. Linezolid (Oxazolidinone)

Question 17

2 Types of Antibacterials:

Narrow-spectrum

Broad-spectrum

Answer 17

Narrow-spectrum - primarily effective against
ONE type of organism.

Broad-spectrum - can be effective against
BOTH gram-positive and gram-negative
organisms.

Question 17

Therapies:

Empirical

Answer 17

– antibiotic therapy
during the period prior to the
receipt of blood culture and
antibiotic susceptibility test
results = BROAD SPECTRU

Question 17

Therapies:

Definitive

Answer 17

ve – antibiotic therapy
given after the receipt of test
results (CS).
NARROW SPECTRU

Question 17

Therapies:

Multi-antibiotic therapy

Answer 17

daily use of several
antibacterials.

Question 18

SE:

Answer 18

E: GI disturbances (Nursing IVN: meds with meals), ras