Endocrine System: Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Adrenal Disorders

Question 1

The anterior pituitary which is made up of

Answer 1

which is made up of epithelial cells

Question 2

posterior pituitary compose of

Answer 2

nerve cells that produce vasopressin for
fluid homeostasis and oxytocin for lactation and uterine contraction.

Question 3

Hypopituitarism

Answer 3

a GH deficiency for adults with somatropin deficiency syndrome (SDS)
A result of developmental abnormalities or congenital defects of the pituitary, circulatory
disturbances, acute and chronic inflammation of the pituitary and pituitary tumors

Question 4

Drugs for GH Deficiency = drug for dwarfism
Drug of choice for the treatment of children with growth
failure and growth hormone deficiency in adults

Answer 4

Somatropin

Question 5

Gigantism

Answer 5

m – a rare condition that causes abnormal growth in children.

Question 6

Acromegaly

Answer 6

– the onset of excessive GH secretion that occurs after puberty and epiphyseal plate
closure

Question 7

Considerably more potent in
inhibiting GH release = drug for
acromegaly and gigantism

Answer 7

Octreotide Acetate
[sandostatin]

Question 8

Octreotide Acetate
[sandostatin]

AE

Answer 8

pancreatitis (amylase
and lipase

Question 9

Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Answer 9

• When there is a deficiency of ADH, large amounts of water are excreted by
  the kidneys. It can also lead to severe fluid volume deficit and electrolyte imbalances

Question 10

Causes of Diabetes Insipidus (DI

Answer 10

Head injury
● brain tumors resulting in trauma to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland

Question 11

Drugs for Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Answer 11

Desmopressin acetate
● also used for
bleeding

Vasopressin
● induce the release
of ACTH and
increase serum
cortisol leve

Question 12

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH

Answer 12

– an excessive amount of water
retention expanding the intracellular and intravascular volume, increased fluid volume causes
enhanced glomerular filtration and decreased tubular sodium reabsorption.

Question 13

Causes of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)

Answer 13

● small cell carcinoma of the lung

Question 14

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)

Medication

Answer 14

Demeclocycline – drug
of choice for SIADH

Question 15

The three hormones produced and secreted by the thyroid gland are:

Answer 15

a. Triiodothyronine (T3)
b. Thyroxine (T4)
-helps with metabolism
c. Calcitonin
-regulates serum calcium

Question 16

Hypothyroidism

Answer 16

A decrease in thyroid hormone secretion
1. Primary cause (thyroid gland disorder)
2. Secondary cause (lack of TSH secretion [pituitary disorder])
3. Tertiary cause (lack of TRH [hypothalamus disorder]

Question 17

Drug for Hypothyroidism

Answer 17

Levothyroxine Sodium
drug of choice for replacement therapy for
the treatment of primary hypothyroidism

Desiccated thyroid
contains both levothyroxine and liothyronine

Question 18

Hyperthyroidism def

Answer 18

a condition in which an overactive thyroid gland is producing an excessive amount of thyroid
hormones from one or more thyroid nodules

Question 19

Drug for Hyperthyroidism

Answer 19

Methimazole , Propylthiouracil
(PTU)

Question 20

Hypoparathyroidism

Drug Therapy:

Answer 20

Drug Therapy:
● Ergocalciferol

Question 21

Hyperparathyroidism
Drug therapy

Answer 21

● Calcitonin-salmon

Question 22

• caused by adrenal hyposecretion

Answer 22

Addison’s Disease -

Question 23

• caused by adrenal hypersecretion

Answer 23

Cushing’s syndrome