Antibiotic Mechanisms Flashcards
(53 cards)
What are the classes of antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis
- Penicilins
- Cephalosporins
- Carbapenems
- Monobactams
- Glycopeptides
- Lipoglycopeptides
How do Beta lactams differ from the glycopeptides and lipoglycopeptides with regards to cell wall synthesis
Beta lactams inhibit transpeptidase, while the peptides bind to cell wall precursors and prevent cell wall cross linking and extension
What are the antibacterial that bind to the 50s Ribosome
Oxazolidinones
Macrolides
Ketolides
Streptogramins
What are the antibacterials that bind to the 30s ribosomal subunit
Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides
Glycylcyclines
Which class of drug inhibit DNA/RNA synthesis
Floroquinolones
What are the mechanism of action in flouroquinolones
Inhibiting topoisomerase 2 and 4
What is the mechanism of action for penicilins
Binds to transpeptidase and prevents the crosslinking in the cell wall
What kind of activity do penicilins have on bacteria
Bactericide,but only when the bacteria are replicating
Which group of bacteria are most susceptible to penicillin G
Gram positive bacteria
Gram negative cocci
Nonbeta lactamase anaerobes
Which bacteria are susceptible to aminopenicillins
Gram negative bacteria
Which group of bacteria are susceptible to penicillinase resistant penicillins
Staphylcoccal species
What about penicillinase resistant penicillins make it effective against staphylococcal species
Resistant to their penicillinase
Which bacteria in general and which specifically are susceptible to antipseudomonal penicillins
- Gram negative
- Pseudomonase aeruginosa
What is the only drug in the antipseudomonal penicillins clinically used
Piperacillin
Which drug is always cogiven with piperocilin
The betalactamase inhibator tazobactam
What is the antibacterial activity of beta lactamase inhibitaor
Very weak antibiotics,
Why are betalactamse inhibitors used
Paired with a beta lactam ringed antibiotic fo maximum effect
In general cephalosporins tend to work better on which trait in bacteria
Fast replicating
What is the mechanism of action for the cephalosporins
Beta lactam ring that binds to the transpeptidase binding protein
What is the relation of stability against many beta lactamases when compared to penicillins
More stable than penicillins
Which bacteria are more susceptible to first generation cephalosporins
Gram positive cocci
How effective are first generation cephalosporins on MRSA
Not very effective
What bacteria are susceptible to second generation cephalospoirins
Gram postive and some gram negative
What bacteria producing lactamases are second generation cephalosporins resistant to
Gram negative rods
